Is your facility saddled with operational restrictions that are drawn from a single compliance test? M ost sludge combustion permits have restrictive terms and conditions based on a single compliance demonstration. This paper presents a compliance strategy based on maximizing operational flexibility while minimizing emissions and operational costs.The M etropolitan Sewer District of Greater Cincinnati has recently commissioned a 72 dry ton per day fluid bed reactor at the Little M iami Wastewater Treatment Plant. An extensive three part emissions testing program was performed to optimize operations. The performance guarantee testing consisted of three 8-hour tests for conformance to the feed, fuel, emissions, water, and electricity specifications. The emissions sensitivity testing consisted of thirty-six 1hour tests in which the biosolids feed rate, biosolids total solids content, operating temperatures, and scrubber pressures were adjusted to determine the optimum operating conditions. The emissions compliance testing consisted of three 1-hour tests required for Ohio EPA approval. For each test emission monitoring included particulate matter (PM and PM 10 ), total hydrocarbons (THC), carbon monoxide (CO), organic carbon (OC), nitrogen oxide (NO X ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), opacity, and metals; arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and nickel.The Little M iami WWTP staff conducted testing over a wide operating range to optimize emissions. The optimal reactor feed rate, biosolids moisture content, scrubber pressure differential, and scrubber water flow rate will be presented. The operational lessons learned through this testing may be used to improve operations at other treatment facilities.
Many wastewater utilities undertake substantial capital investment for the design and construction of wastewater treatment odor reduction and control facilities. The utility owner is often confronted with the situation that "the plant is not operating at the same conditions as those for which the odor control facilities were designed." Or "the odors are not the same intensity and quantity as when the odor facility was designed" --and the system fails to meet performance expectations. This paper presents one such case history where the odors presented to the treatment system were "off-specification," and details the investigations and modifications required to make two separate and distinct odor control systems (a manufacturer-packaged biofilter, and a packed-bed, dual-chemical wet scrubber) meet their expected performance levels.During the initial startup and testing of each of these systems the foul air H 2 S concentrations were discovered to be an order of magnitude greater than those for which the facilities had been designed. This presentation discusses equipment and operational modifications made by the owner subsequent to the startup and testing of the designed systems, and outlines how those changes led to a subsequently successful operational history.
Recent concerns with the practice of land application of Class B biosolids have created more interest in thermal processing and production of Class A biosolids. Thermal processes are those that use heat or elevated temperature to further process the solids generated at a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to produce (1) Class A biosolids, (2) energy (bioenergy) or fuel (biofuel), (3) a pathogen-free product, and/or (4) a reduction in the volume of product for beneficial use or disposal.
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