A number of structures are planned to be constructed on or in the Palaeogene clays in Denmark, e.g. the re-development of Aarhus Ø and the construction of the Femern Fixed Link. The Palaeogene clays are generally of very high plasticity, hold low strengths and have high deformation potentials despite being previously compressed by past glaciations. When unloaded the clay adsorbs water and swells profoundly. These geotechnical traits pose a challenge and must be accounted for when designing a structure situated on high plasticity clays. When not considered, the features of the Palaeogene clay may pose a safety concern for the building and settlements may develop over time.Previous studies on Palaeogene clays in Denmark have shown, that the well-known index relations used in Danish geotechnical practice are generally not valid for the in situ behaviour of high plasticity clays. Moreover, several studies illustrates how the vertical yield stress derived from the compression curves of high plasticity clays does not reflect the previously sustained overburden, which normally is the case for clays of low to medium plasticity. The feature have been described as "lack of stress memory".The present thesis investigates the 1D deformation behaviour of high plasticity clays. The effects of the clay mineral smectite on the deformation and swelling potential of the high plasticity clays are of special focus. Based on 1D compression tests the deformation potential of a range of artificial specimens made from mixtures of kaolinite and smectite minerals were investigated. Features typically observed for Danish Palaeogene clays were also observed for the artificial mixtures, e.g. high plasticity and low stiffness, which have both been related to the smectite content in the tested, artificial specimens.Based on a number of tests, conducted following different loading programmes, a deformation model framework is presented which captures the essential features of the high plasticity clays. The model reproduces the compression curves obtained from testing of artificial specimens quite well and have also successfully been applied to reproduce compression curves from oedometer tests on intact natural highly plastic clays presented in literature. Based on the conducted tests it was observed that the lack of stress memory was related to the void ratio increase on a former unloading step, and thus directly affected by the smectite content of the specimen and the extent of unloading. It was also found that the compression potential in normally and overconsolidated conditions is dictated by smectite content but also affected by the length of the stress path followed during testing. III ResuméFlere bygge-og anlaegsprojekter er planlagt opført på de danske palaeogene lere, f.eks. udviklingen af Aarhus Ø og etableringen af den faste forbindelse over Femern Baelt. De palaeogene lere har generelt meget høj plasticitet, lave styrker og høje deformationspotentialer, selvom de tidligere er blevet belastet af isen under forgangne istider. Nå...

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Driven concrete piles are a well-known method for foundations for various structures on soft soils. In Aalborg, Denmark, the area around an old liquor factory is to be redeveloped. Due to soft soils in the upper 15 to 30 m, all buildings are to be built on foundations based on driven, concrete piles. On the western site boundary is a railway embankment, which is also placed on soft soils. Vibrations from driven piles are a well-known problem and can lead to damage to nearby structures. The procedure for installing piles under the new buildings called for a desk study to be performed concerning the surface vibrations, caused by the pile driving. Moreover, a field test programme was set up, measuring surface vibrations due to pile driving on the site. A total of 24 piles were monitored during driving, logging peak point velocity used to quantify the vibration magnitude at various distances. All data was processed, and a model was set up to predict magnitude of vibrations from pile driving as a function of distance from the pile. This paper presents the derived model and comparisons with other published models.