BackgroundThe aim of this study is to review accelerometer wear methods and correlations between accelerometry and physical activity questionnaire data, depending on participant characteristics.MethodsWe included 57 articles about physical activity measurement by accelerometry and questionnaires. Criteria were to have at least 100 participants of at least 18 years of age with manuscripts available in English. Accelerometer wear methods were compared. Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients between questionnaires and accelerometers and differences between genders, age categories, and body mass index (BMI) categories were assessed.ResultsIn most investigations, requested wear time was seven days during waking hours and devices were mostly attached on hips with waist belts. A minimum of four valid days with wear time of at least ten hours per day was required in most studies. Correlations (r = Pearson, ρ = Spearman) of total questionnaire scores against accelerometer measures across individual studies ranged from r = 0.08 to ρ = 0.58 (P < 0.001) for men and from r = −0.02 to r = 0.49 (P < 0.01) for women. Correlations for total physical activity among participants with ages ≤65 ranged from r = 0.04 to ρ = 0.47 (P < 0.001) and from r = 0.16 (P = 0.02) to r = 0.53 (P < 0.01) among the elderly (≥65 years). Few studies investigated stratification by BMI, with varying cut points and inconsistent results.ConclusionAccelerometers appear to provide slightly more consistent results in relation to self-reported physical activity among men. Nevertheless, due to overall limited consistency, different aspects measured by each method, and differences in the dimensions studied, it is advised that studies use both questionnaires and accelerometers to gain the most complete physical activity information.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3172-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Purpose While obesity is considered a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC), there is increasing evidence that not only body-mass-index (BMI) matters, but specifically abdominal fat distribution. As part of the ColoCare study, this study measured the distribution of adipose tissue compartments in CRC patients and aimed to identify the body metric that best correlates with these measurements as a useful proxy for adipose tissue distribution. Materials and methods In 120 newly-diagnosed CRC patients who underwent multi-detector-CT, densitometric quantification of total(TFA), visceral(VFA), intraperitoneal(IFA), retroperitoneal(RFA) and subcutaneous fat area(SFA), M.erector spinae and psoas was performed to test the association with gender, age, tumor stage, metabolic equivalents, BMI, Waist-to-Height (WHtR) and Waist to-Hip ratio (WHR). Results VFA was 28.8% higher in men (pVFA<0.0001) and 30.5% higher in patients older than 61 years (pVFA<0.0001). WHtR correlated best with all adipose tissue compartments (rVFA=0.69, rTFA=0.84, p<0.0001) and visceral-to-subcutaneous-fat-ratio(VFR, rVFR=0.22, p=<0.05). Patients with tumor stages III/IV showed significantly lower overall adipose tissue than I/II. Increased M. erector spinae mass was inversely correlated with all compartments. Conclusion Densitometric quantification on CT is a highly reproducible and reliable method to show fat distribution across adipose tissue compartments. This distribution might be best reflected by WHtR, rather than BMI or WHR.
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