The term “invader” is typically paired with adjectives such as “non‐native” and “alien”, yet native species can also cause ecological and economic impacts that rival those of well‐known invasive species. By spreading within their historical range, attaining extreme abundances, and exerting severe per‐capita effects as a result of predation or competition, native invaders can create an unusual set of challenges for science, management, policy, and society. Identifying when, where, and why species become invaders in their native ranges requires additional scientific inquiry, outside the current focus of invasion biology. Management strategies often mitigate the symptoms rather than address the causes of problematic native species invasions. Convincing stakeholders to comply with management actions aimed at controlling native invaders creates societal challenges and policy makers must prioritize goals from varied and often conflicting human interests. We illustrate these challenges by highlighting native species that adversely affect threatened and endangered Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp).

State Psychiatric Hospital outpatients (93 men, 69 women) diagnosed with a serious persistent mental illness (SPMI) completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10) by interview as part of a general health/behavior screening instrument. Responses to the AUDIT and DAST-10 were compared with criteria of current diagnosis and occurrence of symptoms in the last year for both alcohol and drug use disorders, respectively. Results showed that for both diagnosis and symptoms, AUDIT cutpoints of 7 and 8 had good sensitivity and specificity, and DAST-10 cutpoint of 2 was identified for both criteria. These and other findings suggest that both instruments have promising clinical utility when used with individuals diagnosed with an SPMI.

The construct and discriminant validity of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) was evaluated for a large child and adolescent sample of clinical inpatients (n = 153) and demographically comparable nonreferred subjects (n = 153). Principal component analyses of the overall sample, using separate groups of clinical and nonreferred samples, found two-and three-factor models with optimal simple structure and clinical meaningfulness. These factors characterized Depressive Affect, Oppositional Behavior, and Personal Adjustment. The first two factors exhibited adequate internal consistency and correspondence across samples, whereas the third factor was strongest for nonreferred subjects. All three factor scores entered a significant discriminant function and correctly classified most nonreferred and clinical subjects. However, only Depressive Affect and Oppositional Behavior entered into the discriminant function that distinguished depressive and conduct-disorder subjects from nonreferred subjects. The percentage of nonreferred subjects who were correctly categorized ranged from 70.4 to 71.6, whereas the percentage of correctly classified clinical subjects ranged from 25 to 60.

Self-reported depression and anxiety were examined in 233 inpatient children diagnosed with either an anxiety disorder or a depressive disorder. Depressed children reported more problems related to a loss of interest and low motivation, and they had a more negative view of themselves. Anxious children reported more worry about the future, their well-being, and the reactions of others. The groups did not differ in the degree of depressed affect reported in terms of being sad, lethargic, bothered by things, or feeling alone and isolated. These findings suggest that a general negative affectivity component is common to both anxiety and depression disorders and measures. The results demonstrate that anxiety and depression in children have distinguishing features that can be measured by common self-report instruments, and the findings indicate that 1 factor that may distinguish between anxiety and depression in children is positive affectivity.