Coral ardisia (Ardisia crenata) has been present in Florida for more than 100 yr as an ornamental and has become invasive in hammocks of natural areas. This plant forms dense understory cover, often greater than 90%, which can suppress native plant recruitment and growth. Results from herbicide trials at two sites in Florida indicate that a single foliar treatment applied as a spot application of triclopyr amine, triclopyr ester, glyphosate, imazapic, dicamba, triclopyr amine + imazapic, or triclopyr ester + fluroxypyr reduced Ardisia crenata to less than 13% at 12 mo after treatment (MAT). A single treatment of imazapic (2.4 g ae L−1) or imazapic (2.4 g ae L−1) + triclopyr (10.8 g ae L−1) reduced cover of mature plants to less than 0.5% and seedlings to less than or equal to 4% at 12 MAT. Native plant cover was less than 5% prior to treatment indicating that dense infestations of Ardisia crenata may suppress native vegetation. In the dense infestations of Ardisia crenata observed in this study, nontarget damage was not a concern due to the rarity of native plants. However, applicators should use caution applying triclopyr and imazapic when small shrubs and trees are present in the treatment area. Additional follow-up treatments will be required for control of seedling and possible resprouts at 12 MAT.
Japanese clematis, a herbaceous to woody vine native to Asia, has been widely used for landscaping in the southeastern United States and is now a naturalized and invasive in Florida. Herbicides that contain the active ingredients fluroxypyr, glyphosate, imazapic, metsulfuron, or triclopyr, applied alone or in combination on a spray-to-wet basis, were evaluated for their effectiveness to control the plant in a natural area of Gainesville, FL. All herbicide treatments provided some level of control 30, 60, and 90 d after application. The most effective herbicide treatments, imazapic 0.6 g ae/L, glyphosate as low as 3.6 g ae/L, triclopyr as low as 3.6 g ae/L, metsulfuron 0.07 g ai/L, and fluroxypyr as low as 1.8 g ae/L, resulted in 72% to 99% control 90 d after application, but were not significantly different from each other. Natural area managers throughout the range of Japanese clematis should be vigilant for this species and remove it whenever encountered. Our results indicate that it can be controlled by foliar application of several herbicides commonly used for management of pest plants in natural areas, but repeat applications will be necessary.
Herbicides are used for integrated management of melaleuca (Melaleuca quinquenervia) trees to kill existing trees. Products with the herbicide active ingredients glyphosate, imazapyr, triclopyr, and hexazinone are used depending on the application method and other factors, including presence of non-target vegetation in the application area. Four application methods, foliar, frill-and-girdle, cut stump, and basal (applied to the soil) are used depending on extent of the population and other factors. Helicopter, truck, or all terrain vehicle (atv)-mounted sprayers, backpack sprayers, and hand-held spray bottles, and dropper bottles are used for application of herbicide. Various adjuvants may be added to the spray mixture to aid or modify the action of the herbicide or the physical characteristics of the mixture. A marker dye is often added to the spray solution to help visualize where herbicide is applied. This document is SS-AGR-258, one of a series of the Agronomy Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date October 2005.
SS-AGR-96-S, a 7-page illustrated fact sheet by K.A. Langeland and M. J. Meisenburg, is a Spanish language version of "Natural Area Weeds: A Property Owner's Guide to Melaleuca Control." Includes information on identification of the melaleuca and various methods of control, plus sources for additional information. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, June 2006.
SS-AGR-258-S, a 5-page illustrated fact sheet by K.A. Langeland and Michael Meisenburg, is the Spanish language version of 'Professional Applicator's Guide to Herbicides for Melaleuca Control.' It provides professionals with information on using herbicides as part of an integrated management program for invasive melaleuca trees. It describes available herbicides and application methods and when each should be used. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, November 2006.
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