BackgroundOccupational diseases are very prevalent in the world, especially in
developing countries. Occupational dermatoses are responsible for most of
these cases. However, epidemiological studies are rare in Brazil.ObjectivesTo verify the panorama of occupational skin diseases in Brazil describing
frequencies of work-related dermatoses and their sociodemographic and
occupational patterns.MethodsWe used retrospective data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System,
(from 2007-2014) tabulated with the Tab program for Windows - TabWin12. We
used intentional non-probability sampling and sequential selection,
considering all notified occupational dermatoses.ResultsAll cases of occupational dermatoses referred to in the period were analyzed
(n = 4710). Males and the age group of 35-49 years were the most affected.
The most affected body area was the upper limb (34.2%) and the hand (25.4%).
The "causative agent" field in the forms was not filled in 69.4% of cases,
with chrome as the most prevalent cause reported (11.8%). ICD-10 codes more
prevalent were L23, L24, and L25, corresponding to 34.2% of the sample. In
total, 29% of patients needed to take a sick leave. No cases evolved to
death and there were 0.2% of total as permanent disability.Study limitationsThe amount of missing information for various items in the system draws
attention.ConclusionsTreatment of patients with occupational dermatitis include the identification
and removal of the causative agent and specific treatment of the disease.
Diagnosis delay in cases of occupational dermatoses brings social and
financial consequences to the work and life of workers.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatidosis, a parasitic zoonosis caused by a cestode of the family Taeniidae, species Echinococcus granulosus, is endemic in Argentina, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, and southern Brazil. This report presents CE figures for these five countries in 2009 – 2014 and proposes indicators to measure national control programs.
Nearly 5 000 new CE cases were diagnosed annually in the five countries during the study period. The average case fatality rate was 2.9%, which suggests that CE led to approximately 880 deaths in these countries during the 6-year period. CE cases that required secondary or tertiary health care had average hospital stays of 10.6 days, causing a significant burden to health systems. The proportion of new cases (15%) in children less than 15 years of age suggests ongoing transmission.
Despite figures showing that CE is not under control in South America, the long-standing implementation of national and local control programs in three of the five countries has achieved reductions in some of the indicators. The Regional Initiative for the Control of CE, which includes the five countries and provides a framework for networking and collaboration, must intensify its efforts.
Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease relevant to public health in many countries, on all continents except Antarctica. The objective of the study is to describe the registered cases and mortality from echinococcosis in Brazil, from 1995 to 2016. The records of two national databases, the Hospital Information System (HIS) and the Mortality Information System (MIS), were accessed during the period of 1995–2016. Demographic, epidemiological, and health care data related to the occurrence of disease and deaths attributed to echinococcosis in Brazil are described. The results showed that 7955 records of hospitalizations were documented in the HIS, during the study period, with 185 deaths from echinococcosis, and 113 records of deaths were documented in the MIS Deaths in every state of Brazil in the period. When comparing between states, the HIS showed great variability in mortality rates, possibly indicating heterogeneity in diagnosis and in the quality of health care received by patients. Less severe cases that do not require specialized care are not recorded by the information systems, thus the true burden of the disease could be underrepresented in the country. A change in the coding of disease records in the HIS in the late 1990s, (the integration of echinococcosis cases with other pathologies), led to the loss of specificity of the records. The records showed a wide geographic distribution of deaths from echinococcosis, reinforcing the need to expand the notification of the disease in Brazil. Currently, notification of cases is compulsory in the state of Rio Grande do Sul.
SUMMARY The Yellow Fever virus was isolated in 1927 and the disease is considered endemic and epidemic in tropical regions of South America and Africa, with thousands of new cases reported annually. Several side effects of the vaccine have already been reported. Although reports of skin rash secondary to the vaccine range from 0 to 15%, no image or detailed description of the lesions were found in the literature. Here we describe a rash on a toddler vaccinated to travel.
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