This article discusses opportunities for leveraging scale in cases of recurring scenarios of comparable decisions with multiple objectives in well-defined domains. Based on a software component ranking and selection method that uses utility analysis to separate objective information gathering and subjective assessment, we discuss challenges of decision making such as criterion complexity and evaluation effort. We show that by systematically identifying criteria across cases, it becomes feasible to employ crossreferencing and quantitative assessment of decision criteria and criteria sets across scenarios and organizations to improve decision making efficiency and effectiveness. We present a method and tool that allows referencing decision criteria across cases and employs a set of impact factors for decision criteria and sets of criteria. We discuss the results of analyzing a series of real-world case studies in software component selection. We analyze the applications and implications of the method and its potential to improve decision making effectiveness and efficiency.
Purpose Active anterior rhinomanometry (AAR) and computed tomography (CT) are standardized methods for the evaluation of nasal obstruction. Recent attempts to correlate AAR with CT-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have been controversial. We aimed to investigate this correlation and agreement based on an in-house developed procedure. Methods In a pilot study, we retrospectively examined five subjects scheduled for septoplasty, along with preoperative digital volume tomography and AAR. The simulation was performed with Sailfish CFD, a lattice Boltzmann code. We examined the correlation and agreement of pressure derived from AAR (RhinoPress) and simulation (SimPress) and these of resistance during inspiration by 150 Pa pressure drop derived from AAR (RhinoRes150) and simulation (SimRes150). For investigation of correlation between pressures and between resistances, a univariate analysis of variance and a Pearson’s correlation were performed, respectively. For investigation of agreement, the Bland–Altman method was used. Results The correlation coefficient between RhinoPress and SimPress was r = 0.93 (p < 0.001). RhinoPress was similar to SimPress in the less obstructed nasal side and two times greater than SimPress in the more obstructed nasal side. A moderate correlation was found between RhinoRes150 and SimRes150 (r = 0.65; p = 0.041). Conclusion The simulation of rhinomanometry pressure by CT-based CFD seems more feasible with the lattice Boltzmann code in the less obstructed nasal side. In the more obstructed nasal side, error rates of up to 100% were encountered. Our results imply that the pressure and resistance derived from CT-based CFD and AAR were similar, yet not same.
Abstract. The lack of QoS attributes and their values is still one of the fundamental drawbacks of web service technology. Most approaches for modelling and monitoring QoS and web service performance focus either on client-side measurement and feedback of QoS attributes, or on ranking and discovery, developing extensions of the standard web service discovery models. However, in many cases, provider-side measurement can be of great additional value to aid the evaluation and selection of services and underlying implementations.We present a generic architecture and reference implementation for non-invasive provider-side instrumentation of data-processing tools exposed as QoS-aware web services, where real-time quality information is obtained through an extensible monitoring framework. In this architecture, dynamically configurable execution engines measure QoS attributes and instrument the corresponding web services on the provider side. We demonstrate the application of this framework to the task of performance monitoring of a variety of applications on different platforms, thus enriching the services with real-time QoS information, which is accumulated in an experience base.
Abstract. Digital preservation has turned into an active field of research. The most prominent approaches today are migration and emulation; especially considering migration, a range of working tools is available, each with specific strengths and weaknesses. The decision process on which actions to take to preserve a given set of digital objects for future access, i.e., preservation planning, is usually an ad-hoc procedure with little tool support and even less support for automation.This paper presents the integration of tools and services for object migration and characterization through a service oriented architecture into a planning tool called Plato, thus creating a distributed and highly automated preservation planning environment.
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