OBJECTIVE:The purpose was to determine the effect of the timing of prophylactic antibiotics for cesarean section on post-operative infectious complications. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial in which patients were randomized to receive cefazolin or clindamycin either before skin incision or after cord clamp. The primary outcome was maternal infectious morbidity at 6 weeks postpartum, a composite infectious outcome, which included endometritis, urinary tract infection, wound infection and pneumonia. RESULT: Data on 896 women were analyzed; 449 randomized to skin incision, 447 to cord clamp. Postpartum infections were seen in a total of 8.4% of patients. Timing of antibiotic administration did not significantly affect any maternal postpartum infection rates or selected neonatal outcomes. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that, in a largely non-laboring population, the timing of prophylactic antibiotic administration does not impact post-operative infectious complications of the mother. Despite being one of the largest randomized controlled trials to address this question, our study still lacked sufficient power to make definitive conclusions.
The AARF's Monograph 10 “Measurement in Financial Accounting” maintains the impetus built up over recent years through the foundation's inquiries into the nature and processes of published financial reports. This commentary concentrates upon two major aspects of financial reporting that are not fully addressed in the Monograph. The first is the general lesson that transaction cost economics offers to those who rely on cuwent market values in preparing accounts for publication. The second is the need for standard‐setters to agree on a workable definition of financial performance, since the income statement is more likely than the balance sheet to offer information needed for making useful predictions.
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