The article contains sections titled: 1. Organic Bromine Compounds 1.1. Physical Properties 1.2. Chemical Properties 1.2.1. Nucleophilic Displacement of Bromine 1.2.2. Displacement of Bromine by Metals 1.3. Production 1.3.1. Addition Reactions 1.3.2. Substitution Reactions 1.4. Commercial Products 1.4.1. 1,2‐Dibromoethane 1.4.2. 1‐Bromododecane 1.4.3. 1‐Bromo‐3‐chloropropane 1.4.4. 1‐Bromo‐2‐phenylethane 1.4.5. 1‐(Bromomethyl)‐3‐phenoxybenzene 1.4.6. Bromoacetic Acid 1.4.7. Bromomethane 1.4.8. 3‐Bromo‐1‐propene 1.4.9. Bromochloromethane and Dibromomethane 1.4.10. Trifluorobromomethane and Difluorobromochloromethane 1.4.11. Flame Retardants 1.4.11.1. Tetrabromobisphenol‐A 1.4.11.2. Decabromobiphenyl Oxide 1.4.11.3. Tetrabromophthalic Anhydride 1.4.11.4. Hexabromocyclododecane 1.5. Manufacturers 1.6. Toxicology and Occupational Health 2. Inorganic Bromine Compounds 2.1. Hydrogen Bromide and Bromides 2.1.1. Hydrogen Bromide 2.1.2. Bromides 2.2. Hypobromous Acid, Hypobromites 2.3. Bromous Acid, Bromites 2.4. Bromic Acid, Bromates
In D20 and D 2 0 -H~0 solutions, the 0.25,0.50, and 0.75 neutralization points were determined from each titration. The ionic strength of the solutions was set to 0.04 with KCI. ~K A . , values were calculated from the equation For example, at cy = 0.398 the inflection point of the titration curve was at 3.800 ml of added acid; pH meter reading at 0.25 neutralization point, 7.563, at 0.5, 7.085, at 0.75, 6.597; -logy = 0.079; hence ~K A , , = o .~@~ = 7.Abstract: (5) D. S. Noyce, H. S. Avarbock, and W. L. Reed, J. Am. Chem.
The article contains sections titled: 1. Organic Bromine Compounds 1.1. Physical Properties 1.2. Chemical Properties 1.2.1. Nucleophilic Displacement of Bromine 1.2.2. Displacement of Bromine by Metals 1.3. Production 1.3.1. Addition Reactions 1.3.2. Substitution Reactions 1.4. Commercial Products 1.4.1. 1,2‐Dibromoethane 1.4.2. 1‐Bromo‐3‐chloropropane 1.4.3. 1‐Bromo‐2‐phenylethane 1.4.4. 1‐(Bromomethyl)‐3‐phenoxybenzene 1.4.5. Bromoacetic Acid 1.4.6. Bromomethane 1.4.7. 3‐Bromo‐1‐propene 1.4.8. Bromochloromethane and Dibromomethane 1.4.9. Trifluorobromomethane and Difluorobromochloromethane 1.4.10. Flame Retardants 1.4.11. Biocides 1.4.12. Pharmaceuticals 1.4.13. Dyes and Indicators 1.5. Manufacturers 1.6. Toxicology and Occupational Health 2. Inorganic Bromine Compounds 2.1. Hydrogen Bromide and Bromides 2.1.1. Hydrogen Bromide 2.1.2. Bromides 2.2. Hypobromous Acid, Hypobromites 2.3. Bromous Acid, Bromites 2.4. Bromic Acid, Bromates
Acetolysis of syn-(I-OTs) and íznfZ-7-chloro-exo-norbornyl p-toluenesulfonate (II-OTs) has been reinvestigated. Ion-pair return associated with solvolysis results in isomerization of I-OTs to II-OTs; at 70% solvolysis of I-OTs the composition of the unsolvolyzed ester is about 70% I-OTs and 30% II-OTs. Isomerization in the opposite direction is unimportant. The I-OTs -» II-OTs isomerization involves a 6,2-hydride shift and migration of the anion from C2 to C6. This transformation is intramolecular (very little exchange with p-toluenesulfonate ion) and evidently involves internal return. Intermediates generated from I-OTs and II-OTs undergo 6,2-hydride shifts in competition with solvent capture.
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