Nowadays, for customers the logistical performance of industrial companies is as important as the price and quality when buying decisions have to be made. It can be observed that considering the KPIs of logistical performance as quality figures, similar to the product quality, becomes quite popular within national and international markets. Two logistical performance key figures that can be pointed out in that context are short lead times and high schedule reliability. The delivery times demanded by markets often are shorter than the realizable lead times of products or the replenishment time of raw materials or purchased parts. In order to deliver the products in time, companies have the opportunity to implement so called order penetration point (OPP) within their productions. The OPP specifies the point within a production which connects upstream processes linked with work orders and downstream processes link with costumer orders. The OPP is often built up as a stock of unfinished goods. Currently companies position their OPP only with the goal to satisfy the demand of short lead times set by the market. Other logistical targets such as a low work-in-process (WIP), high schedule reliability or a high utilization are usually not taken into account. Hence, due to the complexity of positioning the OPP companies underestimate the logistical potentials that can be achieved by positioning the OPP optimally. In this publication the fundamental determining factors which both influence the position of the OPP and are influenced by the selected position of the OPP are presented. In particular the dependencies between the four logistical targets, lead time, WIP, schedule reliability and the grade of utilization, and the position of the OPP are discussed. Exemplarily the correlation between the position of OPP and the schedule adherence at the end of the supply chain are presented. It can be assumed that the schedule adherence increases by moving the OPP towards the end of the supply chain. Possible reasons that explain this particular effect, like the reduction of lead time variation, will be discussed in detail.
Manufacturing enterprises are currently competing in an environment characterised by shortening product life cycles, an increasing diversity of variants, and an ever-evolving globalisation. The resulting dynamism leads to steadily increasing expectations regarding the logistical performance which have to be met by enterprises in order to remain successful in the market. In this context, schedule reliability is of crucial importance. At the same time, diversity and complexity of value-added processes obscure the interdependency of logistical objectives and the possibilities of influencing them. This is where logistical models help to still describe the correlations. Such a logistical model is developed in this paper. It contributes to calculate the lateness distribution and, thus, the schedule reliability along linear and converging material flows.
Kurzfassung
Auf Grund des starken Preisdrucks in westlichen Industrienationen und der damit einhergehenden Globalisierung der Produktion rückt die Logistik immer stärker in den Fokus der Unternehmen. Durch Investitionen in logistische Maßnahmen werden die Unternehmen befähigt, sich durch eine Steigerung der logistischen Leistungsfähigkeit gegenüber den Konkurrenten am Markt zu behaupten. Um eine fundierte und quantitativ nachvollziehbare Entscheidungsbasis zu schaffen, benötigen Unternehmen ein geeignetes Modell, um Maßnahmen in der Produktion sowohl logistisch als auch monetär bewerten zu können. Ziel des auf dem Sonderforschungsbereich 489 aufbauenden Transferprojekts T7 ist nun, ein allgemeingültiges Modell zur logistischen und monetären Bewertung von Maßnahmen in der Produktion zu entwickeln.
Kurzfassung
Der Plan-Abgang eines Arbeitssystems – definiert durch Plan-Termine und -Mengen – wird maßgeblich durch die Aufgaben der Losgrößenbildung sowie der Durchlaufterminierung festgelegt und besitzt als planungsrelevante Stellgröße einen erheblichen Einfluss auf das logistische Systemverhalten. Auf Basis der Verfahren der Kapazitätsabstimmung können die Schwankung des Plan-Abgangs reduziert und die Termintreue des Arbeitssystems erhöht werden. In diesem Beitrag werden ein analytisches Modell zur Beschreibung der Auswirkung einer Belastungsanpassung auf den Plan-Abgang vorgestellt und zukünftige Forschungsziele in diesem Bereich skizziert.
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