Abstract. Over the past few years, increasing attention has been focused on the need to publish computer code as an integral part of the research process. This has been reflected in improved policies on publication in scientific journals, including key related issues such as repositories and licensing. We explore the state of the art of code availability and the sharing of climate models using the Fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) models as a test bed, and we include some particular reflections on this case. Our results show that there are many limitations in terms of access to the code for these climate models and that the climate modelling community needs to improve its code-sharing practice to comply with best practice in this regard and the most recent editorial publishing policies.
In recent years, environmental degradation has raised awareness in society about environmental protection and conservation. Consequently, the concept of 'ecological consumers' has appeared along with the need for a clear understanding of the antecedents for their responsible behaviour. The aim of this research is to develop specific measurement scales for environmental concern and ecological behaviour, and verify their psychometric properties; and to analyze the relationship between environmental concern, which reflects an individual's values and beliefs about the environment, and ecologically responsible behaviour. The results obtained, based on a data factor analysis of 500 respondents in Spain, show how the constructs are explained and suggest that the beliefs and values of an individual about the environment are an important and meaningful predictor for ecologically responsible behaviour. This is particularly relevant for academics and professionals.
Scientific software often presents shortcomings when performing a static evaluation of the code. Moreover, a significant amount of this software is written in Fortran. However, only a few software tools analyse Fortran code, and they are not free software. Here we introduce FortranAnalyser, a multi-platform static analysis tool that generates a report helping to improve Fortran code quality. We explain its development cycle and main features and compare it to other existing tools. Also, we provide examples of application to codes from different scientific fields, with a particular case study of the process followed to improve one of the most used global climate models.
Renewable energy has a key role to play in the transition towards a low-carbon society. Despite its importance, relatively little attention has been focused on the crucial impact of weather and climate on energy demand and supply, or the generation or operational planning of renewable technologies. In particular, to improve the operation and longer-term planning of renewables, it is essential to consider seasonal and subseasonal weather forecasting. Unfortunately, reports that focus on these issues are not common in scientific literature. This paper presents a systematic review of the seasonal forecasting of wind and wind power for the Iberian Peninsula and the Canary Islands, a region leading the world in the development of renewable energies (particularly wind) and thus an important illustration in global terms. To this end, we consider the scientific literature published over the last 13 years (2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020)(2021). An initial search of this literature produced 14,293 documents, but our review suggests that only around 0.2% are actually relevant to our purposes. The results show that the teleconnection patterns (North Atlantic Oscillation [NAO], East Atlantic [EA] and Scandinavian [SCAND]) and the stratosphere are important sources of predictability of winds in the Iberian Peninsula. We conclude that the existing literature in this crucial area is very limited, which points to the need for increased research efforts, that could lead to great returns. Moreover, the approach and methods developed here could be applied to other areas for which systematic reviews might be either useful or necessary.
<p>Renewable energy plays a key role to play in the transition towards a low-carbon society and many countries have been investing in R&D and deployment of renewables over the last few decades. Despite its importance, relatively little attention has been focused on the crucial impact of weather and climate on energy demand and supply, or on the seasonal forecast generation or operational planning of renewable technologies. In particular, to improve the operation and longer-term planning of renewables it is essential to consider seasonal and subseasonal weather forecasting. Unfortunately, reports that focus on these issues are not common in the scientific literature.<br>Here we present a systematic review of the seasonal forecasting of wind and wind power for the Iberian peninsula and the Canary Islands, a region leading the world in the development of renewable energies (particularly wind), and thus an important illustration in global terms. To this end, we consider the scientific literature published over the last eleven years (2008-2018). An initial search of this literature produced 8355 documents, but our review suggests that only around 0.3% are actually relevant to our purposes. The results show that the teleconnection patterns (NAO, EA, and SCAND) and the stratosphere are important sources of predictability in the Iberian Peninsula and that GloSea5 is an effective model for seasonal wind forecasting for the region. We conclude that the existing literature in this crucial area is very limited, which points to the need for increased research efforts. Moreover, the approach and methods developed here could be applied to other areas for which systematic reviews might be either useful or necessary.</p>
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