For persons with co-occurring disorders, interaction with criminal justice systems is a frequent occurrence. As a result, a variety of diversionary programs have been developed nationwide. In this study, a total of 248 individuals with co-occurring disorders of serious mental illness and substance use disorders who had been arrested and booked on misdemeanor charges participated in a post-booking jail diversion program in two urban communities. A quasi-experimental design was used with individuals assigned to diversion or non-diversion status based upon the decision processes of the mental health-criminal justice systems. The effectiveness of the jail diversion program was evaluated from a variety of sources, including structured interviews, behavioral health service utilization patterns, and criminal justice recidivism patterns. Analyses revealed general main effects for time on many of the outcome variables, with few main effects or interaction effects detected on the basis of diversion status (diverted versus non-diverted). Across all measures assessing mental health and substance abuse, study participants displayed improvements over time, irrespective of their diversion status or program location. Participants generally displayed no significant changes in their rates of accessibility to, or frequency of use of, the various mental health, substance abuse, and other services, and few changes for diversion status were detected with regard to service utilization. Although a number of indicators of criminality and violence were reduced over time, these reductions were statistically insignificant, with changes for diversionary status or time identified at follow-up. These results are discussed in light of their implications for jail diversion programming and future research in this area.
Nobody can go back and start a new beginning, but anyone can start today and make a new ending.-Maria Robinson Behavioral or mental health disorders rank first among the causes of disability in the United States and Westem Europe. In the United Kingdom, fot example, 38% of individuals teceiving disability benefits have a mental health diagnosis, neatly twice the next highest leason foi ieceipt of government subsidy (i.e., unemployment; Layaid, 2006). Disability rates in the United States have soared. In 2003, there were neatly 6 million people who were either disabled by mental illness (Social Security Disability statistics) or diagnosed as mentally ill (Social Security Income statistics), a disability rate of about 20 people pet 100,000 population, neatly 6 times what it was in 1955 (Whitaket, 2005).Accoiding to a Substance Abuse Mental Health Seivices Administiation report, $104 billion goes each year to mental health and substance abuse treatment services (Mark et al, 2005). It is suiptising that more public funds ate spent on behavioral than physical health cate (57% vs. 46%; President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health [PNFCMH], 2003). Despite the staggeting costs, the very system set up to help those in need is seriously fragmented, in disanay, and in need of majoi tefoim.
Patients desire greater control over sharing their digital health data. Consent2Share (C2S) is an open-source consent tool offered by SAMHA and the VA to support granular data sharing (GDS) options that align with patient preferences and data privacy regulations. The need to validate this tool exists. We pilot tested C2S with 199 English and Spanish-speaking patients with behavioral health conditions (BHCs) and patient guardians. Data were analyzed using mixed methodology. All participants desired granular control over the sharing of their health data. Most participants (87%) were highly interested in using a tool that offered granular options for executing data sharing decisions, with over half (55%) indicated that being able to specify the data type, data recipient, and data use purpose made them more willing to share their medical records. Majority (83%) indicated that the supported data type sharing categories satisfied their data-sharing privacy preferences. Majority (87%) also reported that knowing the purpose of data use made them more comfortable in sharing. Some participants (28%) accessed the education materials provided on data type sharing options. Patients want granular choices when sharing medical records. Consent2Share and its supported data type sharing categories are adequate to capture patients’ data sharing preferences. Further development is needed before deployment in clinical environments.
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