We develop distributed algorithms for self-organizing sensor networks that respond to directing a target through a region. The sensor network models the danger levels sensed across its area and has the ability to adapt to changes. It represents the dangerous areas as obstacles. A protocol that combines the artificial potential field of the sensors with the goal location for the moving object guides the object incrementally across the network to the goal, while maintaining the safest distance to the danger areas. We give the analysis to the protocol and report on hardware experiments using a physical sensor network consisting of Mote sensors.
Highly correlated ab initio molecular orbital methodologies have
been used in the study of substituent effects
on the singlet−triplet gaps of a series of nitrenium ions and their
corresponding isoelectronic carbenes.
Calculations in solution were carried out with the isodensity
polarizable continuum models, IPCM. The
results show a net stabilization of the singlet species as a result of
electronic density donation of the substituents
to a vacant p orbital located in the central atom. It is shown
that this “π-donor−π-acceptor” dependence of
the singlet−triplet gap is more significant in the case of the
nitrenium ions, due to the presence of a positive
charge. In addition, it was found that the singlet−triplet gaps
decrease with the polarity of the solvent, most
likely due to stabilizing electrostatic interactions between the
solvent and the charge distribution of the singlet.
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