A significantly larger number of bleeding sites had achieved hemostasis with Proceed than with Gelfoam-thrombin at 1, 2, and 3 minutes after application. Proceed was as safe as Gelfoam-thrombin when used for hemostasis during spinal surgery procedures.

Single-screw anterior odontoid fixation was associated with a relatively low complication rate and a high fusion rate in this study. We think that this should be the preferred treatment method for acute Type II odontoid fractures.