The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among burden, depression, awareness of information (AIC), and safety behavior among hemodialysis patients in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study participants included 149 patients who received hemodialysis at seven general hospitals in Korea between January and February 2021. A structured questionnaire was used to survey their levels of burden, depression, AIC, adherent safety behavior (ASB), and dysfunctional safety behavior (DSB). The study results showed that the influencing factors of ASB for COVID-19 were AIC (β = 0.265, p < 0.001), the burden of “not receiving hemodialysis on time” (β = 0.233, p = 0.008), and the burden of “social exclusion of hemodialysis patients” (β = 0.186, p = 0.032). The influencing factors of DSB were the burden of “social exclusion of hemodialysis patients” (β = 0.258, p = 0.003) and AIC (β = 0.217, p = 0.004). As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the latest evidence-based information must be provided to hemodialysis patients to promote self-care and prevention behavior that encourages ASB and discourages DSB.
Purpose: This study was done to compare the effects of abdominal aroma massage and meridian massage on constipation and stress in college women with functional constipation. Methods: The participants were 38 college women, 18 were in the aroma group and 20 in the meridian group. The aroma massage was given using aroma oil which was a mixture of lemon, lavender, rosemary, and cyprus. The meridian massage was given at 9 accupoints which influence intestinal functions. The treatment was given 5 days a week for 4 weeks. A constipation severity score, weekly defecation frequency, and a stress response score were measured before and every week of 4 weeks of the experiment. Results: While there was no significant difference between two groups, there was a significant difference within the groups in the constipation severity (aroma group: 1st week, meridian group: except 4th week), defecation frequency (aroma group: 3rd week, meridian group: 2nd and 3rd week), and stress (aroma group: all weeks, meridian group: except 4th week) after different duration of experiment. Conclusion: Based on these results, both abdominal massages relieved constipation and stress. Resorting to either types of massage will contribute to the reduction of use of stool softeners, suppositories, or enemas.
Purpose: This study was implemented to investigate the level of awareness of osteoporosis among urban women. Methods: A survey was conducted with a sample size of 434 adult females who resided in metropolises in Korea such as Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Pusan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Kangwondo, Jeju-do and Jeollanam-do. Osteoporosis Awareness Scale was consisted of five areas with total number of 31 questions. The questionnaire's scale was 1 to 4 point, 4 point being the highest understanding level. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics method. Results: The average awareness level of subjects was 2.38 and significant different depending on participants' age, education level, previous encounter with any information about osteoporosis, preventive behavior of osteoporosis, bone mineral density test, fracture history, diet control experience, and regular exercise. In osteoporosis awareness level by five areas, preventive behaviors 2.76 resulted in the highest score and characteristics of osteoporosis 2.51, bone physiology 2.46, improving bone health 2.38, and risk factors 1.80 followed respectively. Conclusion: We should implement bone health programs from a various perspective in order to raise women's osteoporosis awareness. In addition, We need follow-up studies on whether or not the increase on awareness level actually would result in changing in their behavior.
Neural coding of auditory stimulus frequency is well-documented; however, the cortical signals and perceptual correlates of pitch have not yet been comprehensively investigated. This study examined the temporal patterns of event-related potentials (ERP) in response to single tones of pitch chroma, with an assumption that these patterns would be more prominent in musically-trained individuals than in non-musically-trained individuals. Participants with and without musical training (N = 20) were presented with seven notes on the C major scale (C4, D4, E4, F4, G4, A4, and B4), and whole-brain activities were recorded. A linear regression analysis between the ERP amplitude and the seven notes showed that the ERP amplitude increased or decreased as the frequency of the pitch increased. Remarkably, these linear correlations were anti-symmetric between the hemispheres. Specifically, we found that ERP amplitudes of the left and right frontotemporal areas decreased and increased, respectively, as the pitch frequency increased. Although linear slopes were significant in both groups, the musically-trained group exhibited marginally steeper slope, and their ERP amplitudes were most discriminant for frequency of tone of pitch at earlier latency than in the non-musically-trained group (~ 460 ms vs ~ 630 ms after stimulus onset). Thus, the ERP amplitudes in frontotemporal areas varied according to the pitch frequency, with the musically-trained participants demonstrating a wider range of amplitudes and inter-hemispheric anti-symmetric patterns. Our findings may provide new insights on cortical processing of musical pitch, revealing anti-symmetric processing of musical pitch between hemispheres, which appears to be more pronounced in musically-trained people.
Purpose:The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to the quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis. Methods: A total 116 patients with ulcerative colitis were asked on general characteristics, illness-related characteristics, depression, and quality of life. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: As for depression the 81.03% were normal, the 8.62% were mild depression, the 6.90% were moderated depression, and the 3.45% were severe. As for quality of life, the social functions was highest, followed by intestine-related symptoms, systemic symptoms, and emotional functions. Quality of life was positively correlated to subjective health status, age, and body mass index, and negatively to depression. Main factors affecting the quality of life included depression, subjective health status, physician's global assessment, age, days of loss in social life, and present abdominal pain. Conclusion: Physical and psychosocial health problems related to ulcerative colitis affected the quality of life of the patients. Further research is warranted for developing educational programs and psychosocial strategies in order to efficiently handle the illness. -64-754-3887, Fax: +82-64-702-2686, E-mail: ohcho@jejunu.ac.kr Received: Jul 11, 2013 / Revised: Mar 19, 2014 / Accepted: Mar 26, 2014 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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