Pheochromocytoma (PCC) occurs in 4% of pediatric neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients and is mostly characterized by epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion. Herein, we report the first case of a dopamine-secreting PCC in a 13-year-old patient with NF1, in whom a left adrenal mass was incidentally found on abdominal computed tomography (CT) during hypertension workup. Fractionated 24-h urine metanephrine excretion was normal but urine dopamine level was elevated. On 123 I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) single photon emission tomography/CT (SPECT/CT), focal MIBG uptake was observed. Our multidisciplinary team determined that surgery would be difficult to perform because the tumor was small and the symptoms were vague, with only increased dopamine level. After six months, the tumor increased in size on abdominal CT, with focal significant uptake of the lesion on 6-[ 18 F]fluoro-L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine ( 18 F-FDOPA) PET/CT. Laparoscopic resection was performed, and the mass was histologically confirmed as PCC. Currently, the vital signs of the patient are stable, urine dopamine levels are normal, and there is no abnormal uptake of 18 F-FDOPA PET/CT. This study reports a case of a rare dopamine-secreting PCC. When metanephrine is negative in patients at high risk of PCC, focused examination and multidisciplinary approach are needed.
In response to consumer demand for personalized content, the customized cosmetics market continues to grow, centering on the beauty industry. This study was conducted to find out the awareness and brand awareness of customized cosmetics. From February 2023, a total of 313 adult men and women residing in Korea were surveyed on the degree of awareness of customized cosmetics, domestic and foreign brand awareness and use experience, evaluation of major brands of customized cosmetics, and expectations. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected after the survey using SPSS version 25.0 for Windows. As a result, the recognition level of customized cosmetics was 'normal' (45.4%), and the product path was 'online advertisement' (42.8%), 'new purchase and plan to use' of customized cosmetics (62.6%), and product purchase and use plan. As for the place, 'online shopping mall' (46.3%) accounted for a high proportion. Brand recognition and usage status at home and abroad was 'know' (53.6%), the number of recognized brands was 'more than 4' (53.0), and the evaluation of domestic and foreign brand image was very high as 'positive' (80.7%). In terms of product diversity, 'satisfaction' (68.6%) was found to be high. The experience of purchasing and using domestic and foreign brands for customized cosmetics was higher than that of foreign brands, showing a significant difference. As for the purchase of customized cosmetics and the level of expectation for domestic and foreign brands, the expectation level was high with 'expectation' for domestic brands (92.9%) and 'expectation' for foreign brands (94.8%). As a result of comparative analysis by classifying groups according to general characteristics, the degree of recognition of customized cosmetics and intention to purchase showed significant differences in part according to gender, residential area, and final education level. Domestic and foreign brand awareness and experience of customized cosmetics, and expectations for customized cosmetics showed differences according to gender, region of residence, and final education level. Therefore, based on these results, it can be applied as basic data for research on the activation of customized cosmetics.
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