Poor permeation of therapeutic agents and multidrug resistance (MDR) in solid tumors are the two major challenges that lead to the failure of the current chemotherapy methods. Herein, a zero‐waste doxorubicin‐loaded heparin/folic acid/l‐arginine (HFLA‐DOX) nanomotor with motion ability and sustained release of nitric oxide (NO) to achieve deep drug penetration and effective reversal of MDR in cancer chemotherapy is designed. The targeted recognition, penetration of blood vessels, intercellular penetration, special intracellular distribution (escaping from lysosomes and accumulating in Golgi and nucleus), 3D multicellular tumor spheroids (3D MTSs) penetration, degradation of tumor extracellular matrix (ECM), and reversal of MDR based on the synergistic effects of the motion ability and sustained NO release performance of the NO‐driven nanomotors are investigated in detail. Correspondingly, a new chemotherapy mode called recognition‐penetration‐reversal‐elimination is proposed, whose effectiveness is verified by in vitro cellular experiments and in vivo animal tumor model, which can not only provide effective solutions to these challenges encountered in cancer chemotherapy, but also apply to other therapy methods for the special deep‐tissue penetration ability of a therapeutic agent.

A new strategy utilizing carbon insertion to synthesize a highly efficient CO 2 -capturer through selfdispersion of MgO by co-existing carbon is reported in this paper. Carbon-adulterated magnesia is formed in situ during the carbonization of magnesium acetate for the first time, suppressing the aggregation of MgO nanoparticles and increasing the accessibility of basic sites for CO 2 . With few carbon particles (about 2%) inside as the adulterant, the porous MgO composites have a surface area of greater than 200 m 2 g À1 and a high CO 2 adsorption capacity of up to 28 mg g À1 at 473 K, offering a new candidate material for adsorbing CO 2 in flue gas vents.

A synergistic effect between a self-dispersion of MgO and biomass-derived carbon in the adsorption of CO 2 is reported for the first time. Magnesia and carbon mixed particles are formed in situ during the carbonization of magnesium acetate on activated carbon made from coconut, increasing the accessibility of basic sites for CO 2 adsorption. With these complementary effects of the hierarchical structural support, the composite containing 20% magnesia can trap 5 times more CO 2 than 20% MgO/ SiO 2 , in the harsh instantaneous adsorption of CO 2 at 100 and 150 C, offering a new candidate for the adsorption of CO 2 in flue gas vents.

Mesoporous silica MCM-41 and SBA-15 were chosen to study the adsorption and release of bulky biomolecule heparin, in order to develop new heparin controlled delivery system and expand the application of mesoporous materials in life science. To explore how the structure of support such as pore size and surface state affects the accommodation and release of heparin, we used decane as swelling agent to enlarge pores of MCM-41, introduced amino groups for improving the biocompatibility of support, and controllably retained templates in the as-synthesized sample. The influence of modification on the structure of samples was investigated by XRD and N(2) adsorption-desorption, whereas their performance of adsorbing and releasing heparin was assessed with that of toluidine blue method. Both enlarged pore and organic modification significantly promoted the adsorption and prolonged the release of heparin in MCM-41, and the release was characterized with a three-stage release model. The mechanism of heparin release from mesoporous material was studied by fitting the release profiles to the theoretical equation. As expected, some mesoporous composites could release heparin in the long term with tuned dosage.