Structure and chemical composition of coconut shell carbon with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the stimulant through the observation of TG-DTA, SEM-EDS and FTIR has been studied. The process was carried out by calcining coconut shell charcoal at the temperature of 873 and 1023 K under Nitrogen flow, then mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) under composition of 2.5 to 7.5% (wt) in water solvent. The growing of carbon composite structure was observed by heating the samples in Argon gas of 1673 K, the rate of temperature was 10 K/min in 3 h. The products were then analyzed by TG-DTA, SEM-EDS, FTIR and XRD. The result showed that the products were in uniform particle sizes of micrometer dimensions and spherical particles shape, with average content of C element was 97.44% (wt), aromatic character and semi-crystalline structure.
Analysis on magnetic minerals of iron sand in Sampulungan Beach, Takalar Regency based on magnetic susceptibility value has been conducted. Iron sand was taken on 30 points and extracted using a rod magnet, then measured magnetic susceptibility using Bartington susceptibility meter MS2 with the MS2B sensor. Furthermore, types of magnetic minerals were analyzed based on the value of magnetic susceptibility. The results showed that the percentage of magnetic mineral was higher along the trajectory near residential areas. Magnetic susceptibility values ranged from 33932.62 x 10-8 m3/kg to 71829.96 x 10-8 m3/kg. Based on the value of magnetic susceptibility, the dominant type of magnetic mineral in Sampulungan Beach is magnetite (Fe3O4) of 76 wt.%. The high magnetite potential in Sampulungan Beach can be further processed to be used in the metal industry.
Coconut is one of the industrial plants that plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. The part of coconut that has a high economic value is the coconut shell. This study aims to see the maximum temperature of the coconut shell pyrolysis reactor and to examine the spectrum pattern of charcoal purified using the activation of hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid (CH3COOH), nitric acid (HNO3) and hot water (H2O). The process steps are pyrolysis process carried out at a temperature of ± 310 °C for 2 hours and activation using 4 types of solvents with different acidity levels, soaking for 12 hours. Infrared spectra pattern testing using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results of the pyrolysis process produce charcoal, liquid smoke, tar and condensed gases. The spectral pattern of each purified charcoal was analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results of the analysis showed that the spectral pattern of activated charcoal showed a spectral pattern with a low level of impurity absorption, namely the spectral pattern of charcoal using HCl activator at a concentration of 2 M.
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