StreszczenieIdentyfikacja śladów nasienia ma istotne znaczenie, zwłaszcza w sprawach wymagających potwierdzenia, że doszło do napaści na tle seksualnym. Przy wykrywaniu nasienia specjaliści medycyny sądowej zazwyczaj wykorzystują metodę wymazu z pochwy, choć ważną rolę odgrywa także analiza obecności nasienia na skórze. Pośmiertna identyfikacja plemników na skórze objętej rozkładem gnilnym stanowi przedmiot ciągłych badań. Sperm Hy-Liter jest techniką bazującą na przeciwciałach, która może być wykorzystywana w medycynie sądowej do identyfikacji główek plemników ludzkich w zaplamieniach biologicznych. Technika może wyeliminować trudności z wizualizacją plemników, które występują w metodzie tradycyjnej. Celem pracy było porównanie metody konwencjonalnej (mikroskop optyczny oraz barwienie hematoksyliną i eozyną) z metodą fluorescencyjną (mikroskop fluorescencyjny i barwienie z wykorzystaniem zestawu Sperm Hy-Liter ) w pośmiertnej identyfikacji plemników na skórze ludzkiej w różnych odstępach czasowych. Fragment skóry ludzkiej podzielono na trzy skrawki. Pierwszy stanowił ujemną próbkę kontrolną, natomiast na drugim i trzecim skrawku skóry rozprowadzono nasienie. Pierwszy (kontrolny) i drugi skrawek skóry wybarwiono hematoksyliną i eozyną w celu obserwacji pod mikroskopem optycznym. Trzeci skrawek poddano barwieniu przy wykorzystaniu zestawu Sperm Hy-Liter , a następnie analizowano pod mikroskopem fluorescencyjnym. Okres identyfikowalności plemników wynosił do 110 dni przy zastosowaniu zestawu Sperm Hy-Liter i mikroskopu fluorescencyjnego oraz do 12 dni w przypadku próbek barwionych hematoksyliną i eozyną, a następnie analizowanych pod mikroskopem optycznym. Zaleca się przeprowadzenie kolejnych badań w celu weryfikacji dokładności zastosowanej metody pośmiertnej identyfikacji plemników na skórze ludzkiej, a także oceny czasu ich utrzymywania się w poszczególnych lokalizacjach ciała i na różnych materiałach.Słowa kluczowe: plemniki, identyfikacja, napaść na tle seksualnym, analiza mikroskopowa. AbstractIdentification of semen residues has relevant consequences, especially for what concerns the ascertainment of possible sexual assault. Forensic scientists usually focus on the vaginal swab for semen detection despite the importance of semen deposition on the skin. Postmortem identification of spermatozoa on putrefied human skin is still under investigation. Sperm Hy-Liter is an antibody technique, used to identify human spermatozoa heads in forensic stains. This approach has the potential to eliminate spermatozoa visualization problems in a traditional method. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare between the traditional method (light microscope and staining via hematoxylin/ WprowadzenieIdentyfikacja śladów nasienia ma istotne znaczenie, zwłaszcza w sprawach wymagających potwierdzenia, że doszło do napaści na tle seksualnym [1]. Komórki skóry są najliczniejszym typem komórek w śladach kontaktowych. Ponieważ komórki te nie zawierają dużo DNA, nawet niewielkie ilości płynów ustrojowych o wyższej zawart...
Background: Scorpion mauruspalmatus belongs to the family scor-pionidae and is common in the Saudi Arabia, Middle East, and Mediterranean and Jordan regions. It is found in Lower Egypt (Wadi Natrun, Cairo, Faiyum, Western Mediterranean costal Desert), southern and central Sini. Study aim: is to study the cytotoxicity induced by the scorpion venom of Scorpio mauruspalmatus inhabiting different localities in Egypt using different in vitro approaches. Material and methods: Collection of scorpions and preparation of venom samples. Captive scorpions from the four locations (Alexandria, Rahaba, Sahab, and Alagramia) were kept separately in individual containers. Scorpions were milked using the squeezing method, and individual venom samples collected and lyophilized. The freeze-dried pooled venom was stored at -20 °C prior to use. Study design: To study in vitro cytotoxicity of S. m. palmatus venom collected from different locations in Egypt,blood samples were collected from 20 ether-anesthetized mice using periorbital puncture. Heparinized blood was divided into 10 groups and incubated with two different concentrations (10 and 20 ug/ml) of S. m. palmatus venom, and a range of assays. Assays: Malondialehyde (MDA) assay, Protein carbonyl assay, Estimation of nitric oxide, Estimation of reduced glutathione (GSH), Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase, Estimation of hemoglobin contentwere carried out after 0, 30,60, 90 and 120 min. Results: The haemoglobin level was significantly (p<0.05) increased with time as revealed by ANOVA. According to Two-way analysis of variance there were a highly significant difference in glutathione level induced by groups (p<0.001***), sites (p<0.001***), concentrations (p<0.001***). The MDA level was increased in both Alexandria and Rahaba, at concentration of 20ug/ml. The protein carbonyl (PC) level in Agramia was increased at both 10,20ug/ml concentration. Also, the nitrocoxide( NO) was increased at both Alexandria and Sahab at 10ug/ml and also remarkably increased in Alexandria and Rahaba at 20ug/ml. In addition to that, the catalase level was also increased in Sahab site ato 20ug/ml concentration. The glutathione level (µg/ mL) was significantly (p<0.05) increased with time as revealed by ANOVA in Alexandria, Rahaba, Agramia, however it was decreased in Sahab. According to Two-way analysis of variance there were a highly significant difference in SOD Activities induced by groups (p<0.001***), sites (p<0.001***), concentrations (p<0.001***). Conclusion:The venom of scorpion mauruspalmatus has significant cytotoxic effects and increase the biomarker stress, especially at 20ug/ml on different location of the study.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had disturbed the educational systems worldwide, students have been affected as schools, colleges, and universities are locked down to prevent virus spread (UNESCO, 2020a). Thus, shifting to distance learning was the only mandatory choice in many educational institutions globally (UNESCO, 2020b). The research objectives: To measure undergraduate medical students' perception regarding online learning in forensic medicine and toxicology course during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted upon 99 students of 5th year medical students in academic year (2020-2021) at Faculty of Medicine; Suez Canal University who experienced online learning and online formative assessments. Data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. The collected response was 99, which is adequate for factor analysis. Results of factor extraction revealed that the 19 questionnaire items could be grouped under five factors which accounted for 69.39% of the total variance. Results:The findings of the study disclose students' affirmative perception in respect of online learning and thus approval of this novel learning approach. It has also experimentally demonstrated the value of online learning and assessment in the time of COVID19 catastrophe. Our results showed that satisfaction with the e-learning process and with the quality of learning in online sessions. Furthermore, satisfaction with interaction in online sessions. Based on the findings, the blended learning was the most preferred method in general for the coming years of the study (after pandemic COVID 19). Conclusion:The study revealed that the online learning and assessment has been approved and accepted by the students in our course (Forensic Medicine and Toxicology course).
Background: Sex identification is an important step in the identification of unknown human remains; the frontal sinuses are significant in forensic identification due to its irregular shape. Study aim: Getting accurate method for sex identification among Egyptian population through frontal sinus dimensions using CT. Subjects and Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study, using 172 unidentified Para nasal CT images from diagnostic radiology department of Suez Canal University Hospital in Ismailia. CT images from patients aged from 21 to 50 years were divided into two groups. Group I included86 Para-nasal CT images of known sex in which males and females were equally included. Group II included86 Para-nasal CT images in not known to which sex is the researcher. Comparison and correlation tests were done to detect the variables with high statistical significance in sexual dimorphism between two sexes; these highly statistically significant variables were used to develop binary logistic regression formula for sex identification.Results:4 variables showed highest significance and correlation, which were Right sinus width (RW), Maximum total width (MW), Maximum total height (MH) and Right anterior posterior length (RL). Binary logistical regression formula showed overall accuracy of 73.2 %. Conclusion: CT analysis of frontal sinuses measurements provides a valid and reasonable method for sex identification.
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