Background:Refractive error is a common and serious eye disorder that affects more than 153 million people globally. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and pattern of refractive error among male primary school children in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among a randomly selected group of 395 students (aged 6-14 years) in Jazan region, Southwest Saudi Arabia. An optometrist and medical students assessed the refraction error using an autorefractor, a Snellen E chart and retinoscopy.Results:The overall prevalence of uncorrected refractive error in either eye was, 22% higher among rural students. The most prevalent refractive error was hyperopia (32.2%) followed by myopic astigmatism (31%) then myopia (17.2%). Next were hyperopic astigmatism (16.1%) and mixed astigmatism (3.5%). The following variables were associated with a higher risk of refractive errors and myopia: living in rural areas, having parents with refractive errors, spending more time on electronic devices and shorter visual distances.Conclusion:Refractive error was highly prevalent among primary school children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The rural students were more affected by refractive errors, mainly hyperopia. The preschool vision test should be reconsidered, and a periodic vision examination should be applied to detect vision problems as early as possible.

The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and its associated factors among University students in Saudi Arabia, as little is known about this issue in our country. This cross-sectional study was conducted between 13 March and 21 May of the Academic Year 2017-2018 at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, involving a random sample of 890 students, selected using the stratified multistage method. IBS prevalence was determined using the Rome IV diagnostic Criteria. The overall prevalence of IBS was 8.8%. According to the results of the multivariate logistic regression, the most important independent predictors of IBS were being a student in a medical college (OR = 10.42; 95%CI: 3.45-31.51) and a scientific college (OR = 5.16; 95%CI: 1.64-16.22), cigarettes smoking (OR = 2.74; 95%CI: 1.24-6.07), emotional stress (OR = 2.53; 95%CI: 1.28-5.00), and food intolerance (OR = 2.15; 95%CI: 1.11-4.16). The present study revealed a prevalence rate of 8.8%. The main predictors of IBS were being a medical student, a scientific college student, cigarette smoker, and having emotional stress and food intolerance. No significant association was found between IBS and anxiety and depression.

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