The understanding of a written text is directly related to the readability level of that text. Readability can be measured objectively using specific formulas. In this study, we aimed to determine the readability level of the drug package inserts of antidepressant drugs. A total of 51 drug package inserts were grouped according to antidepressant types. Title and drug license information was removed from the texts for standardization. These were evaluated using the Ateşman, Bezirci–Yılmaz and Çetinkaya–Uzun readability formulas, applicable to Turkish texts. The average Ateşman readability score was determined as 71.4. Accordingly, it was seen that the drug package inserts require a grade 7-8 of education for readability. The readability level of the Bezirci-Yılmaz formula was, similarly, of grade 7-8 (primary education) level. The Çetinkaya-Uzun readability score was calculated as 45.4 and an 8-9th grade level was determined. It was ascertained that the drug package inserts were readable at the secondary education (7th-9th grade) level on average. Considering the average education level in Turkey, it was established that the readability level was therefore high. We believe that writing the drug package inserts based on the average education level will increase readability and therefore intelligibility.
Aim: Olanzapine has adverse effects on sexual dysfunction. There are a limited number of studies showing that it also causes structural changes in the reproductive system. This study aimed to examine the effects of L-Carnitine on testicular damage caused by Olanzapine in terms of histopathological, sperm parameters, biochemical aspects. Method: A total of 48 adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were used in our study. Rats were divided into 6 groups, 8 rats in each group: the Control group (C), 200 mg/kg L-Carnitine administered group (LC), 2 mg/kg low dose Olanzapine administered group (LOZN), 2 mg/kg Olanzapine, and 200 mg/kg L-Carnitine administered group (LOZN+LC), 4 mg/kg Olanzapine administered group (HOZN), 4 mg/kg Olanzapine and 200 mg/kg L-Carnitine administered group (HOZN+LC). Testicular tissues were used for the determination of MDA, IL-1B, IL-6, TAS, TOS levels, histological evaluation. Results: In the groups receiving Olanzapine, a decrease in sperm count, increase in MDA, IL-1β, TOS values, dose-dependent histopathological changes in testicular tissue were observed. Histopathological changes were found at a lower rate in the Olanzapine and L-Carnitine administered groups compared to the Olanzapine-only groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that the degenerative histological findings in the testicular structure observed in the high-dose Olanzapine administered groups might be caused by the oxidative stress induced by Olanzapine in the testicular tissue. L-Carnitine, on the other hand, was thought to be effective in reducing testicular degeneration by reducing oxidative damage.
Objective: YouTube™ is a very popular video site worldwide and is increasingly being used to access health information. The content in these videos is often incomprehensible and worse, contains inaccurate and incomplete information. This article aims to evaluate the reliability and usefulness of information about TTM available to patients on YouTube™. Material and Method: This study has a cross-sectional design. 51 videos were reviewed. Global quality score (GQS), modified DISCERN and trichotillomania Youtube score (TTMYS) were used for the quality analysis of the videos. Video duration(sec), time since upload (months), Number of views/comments/likes/dislikes were analyzed. Results: The majority of the videos (31.4%) were uploaded by physicians, and the least by hospitals (3.9%). The mean GQS score was 2.06±1.363, the modified DISCERN score was 2.06±1.348, and the TTMYS score was 8.45±3.126. The GQS scores 1-2 (low quality), 3 (moderate quality), and 4-5 (high quality) were 68.6%, 11.8%, and 19.6%, respectively. The vast majority of videos were rated as low quality. Conclusion: The TTM related video content rewieved was largely inadequate. Information about the disease and treatment options were insufficient. It is necessary to either take a primary role in uploading high-quality videos or establish supervisory mechanisms for the security and accuracy of information.
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