The mass production
of hierarchically porous metal–organic
frameworks (HP-MOFs) with adjustable morphology and size as well as
retained crystallinity is highly desirable yet challenging. Herein,
we have developed a versatile post-synthetic ligand substitution (PSLS)
strategy to convert typical microporous MOFs and even their composites
to HP-MOFs and their composites at a 10 g level and beyond in a simple
reflux system. The resulting HP-MOFs feature intrinsic micropores
and abundant defective mesopores, which greatly facilitate the transport
and activation of large substrates for stable and efficient heterogeneous
catalysis. Furthermore, the presence of defective mesopores in the
HP-MOF composites improves activity and selectivity for large molecule-involved
one-pot tandem catalysis. This strategy opens a new door to fast,
facile, general, and scale-up production of HP-MOFs and related composites
for expanding applications of conventional microporous MOF-based materials.
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