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Introduction Recent exploration by the Turkish General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA) proved several coal deposits hosted in Neogene sedimentary basins across the country. The most significant one due to its total geological reserves (around 1.8 Gt) is the Karapınar-Ayrancı coal deposit located at the southernmost of Central Turkey; the coal is planned to be exploited and used for feeding the thermal power plant to be installed nearby. During the late Cenozoic, regional tectonic movements caused the development of fault-controlled basins and volcanic activity in