Successful transition to college is an important consideration in student retention and success. Students who highly identify as high school athletes may experience adjustment difficulty when entering college without this role. The current study investigates participation in collegiate recreation programs as part of a positive adjustment process after the transition out of high school athletics. Results indicated that those with high involvement in collegiate recreation programs had greater perceptions of loss related to the cessation of their athlete role, but also experienced greater perceptions of life satisfaction. Feelings of loss following sport role exit were found to interact with recreational sports involvement on the outcome variable of life satisfaction. Specifically, among those with high loss levels, high recreational sports involvement was associated with greater satisfaction. Results have implications regarding the support of collegiate recreation as a contributor to the successful transition to college, particularly for students experiencing difficulty related to an exit from the high school athlete role.
This study explored the relationship between the athletic identity and career maturity of women's basketball student-athletes. It specifically looked at the differences in athletic identity and career maturity based on the studentathlete's level of competition, race, year in school, socioeconomic status, and professional athletic career aspirations. A convenience sample of 209 women's basketball student-athletes from NCAA Divisions I, II, and III, as well as NAIA institutions participated in the study. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire along with the Career Maturity Inventory-Revised Attitude Scale and the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale. The findings suggest that within this sample of women's basketball student-athletes, stronger identification with the athletic role is associated with lower levels of career maturity. Results also indicated that NCAA Division I student-athletes had significantly higher levels of athletic identity and significantly lower levels of career maturity than Division II student-athletes. Likewise, women's basketball student-athletes that planned to pursue a professional basketball career (n = 76) displayed significantly higher levels of athletic identity and significantly lower levels of career maturity than those that did not (n = 133). As research suggests, less than 1% of women's basketball student-athletes will compete professionally (NCAA, 2017a). However, based on the findings of the current study, 36.4% (n = 76) of the women's basketball student-athletes sampled planned to pursue a professional basketball career upon graduating. The results of this study can assist individuals working with these student-athletes (e.g., coaches, counselors, professors) to intervene and ultimately assist women's basketball student-athletes with preparation for life after sports.
The purpose of this article is to identify how the balance between the competing interests of citizens' need to recover damages from injury and the governments' interest for providing services without jeopardizing community budgets is accomplished. The article examines the different mechanisms used for negligence protection and how they have changed over time to create that balance. Using content analysis, all 50 state laws concerning tort immunity, recreation land use statutes, hazardous recreation statutes and insurance award caps in tort claims acts were reviewed. The hypothesis that if a state waived immunity, the state would find another method to protect communities so that they could provide the activities their citizens demanded was shown to be true. All but seven states have found a method to protect themselves and provide services.
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