Older people may cease driving owing to health concerns, discomfort while driving, cancellation of their licence or financial reasons. Because driving is fundamental to the freedom and independence of older people, driving cessation can lead to depression, loss of roles and unsafe use of alternative transport. Little consideration has been given to the development of approaches to improve outcomes for retiring drivers. This study aimed to understand the experiences of driving cessation for older people to inform the design of interventions for retiring drivers.Qualitative methodology was used to explore the experiences of driving cessation from the perspective of nine retired drivers, three family members and six service providers. The retired drivers experienced challenges during three phases of driving cessation, in addition to discussing their driving history. The challenges were (1) a predecision phase -a balancing act and achieving awareness;(2) a decision phase -making the decision and owning the decision; and (3) a post-cessation phase -finding new ways and coming to terms.Interventions to facilitate the process of driving cessation may need to be designed according to the phase of driving cessation and the challenges that the person is experiencing and to be underpinned by behaviour change and life transition theories.

Driving cessation following TBI is associated with emotional, identity, transport and participation-related needs. An ongoing, individualised approach involving information, support and practical experiences may improve outcomes of driving cessation for people with TBI and their family members.

The findings emphasise the need for therapists to look beyond the diagnosed individual and see MS as a chronic illness affecting the whole family. Occupational therapists might assist parents and children to maintain their occupations through the provision of appropriate interventions and connection to referral networks.

Aim Participation in leisure has known health benefits. Children and young people (CYP) with physical disabilities demonstrate reduced participation in leisure. To facilitate their meaningful participation, one must understand what leisure means to CYP. The aim of this study was to systematically synthesize evidence from qualitative studies on the meaning of leisure for CYP with physical disabilities. Methods CINAHL, MEDLINE, AMED, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and ERIC were searched periodically from January 2012 until May 2013. Qualitative studies reporting the views of CYP (0–18y) with physical disabilities on leisure participation were included. The analysis involved thematic syntheses, double coding, and established quality appraisal procedures. Results Twelve studies met inclusion criteria, addressing the leisure experiences of 146 CYP with disabilities. Four themes core to the meaning of leisure for these CYP were (1) ‘fun’: the enjoyment and pleasure experienced from leisure; (2) ‘freedom’ of choice and from constraints; (3) ‘fulfilment’: discovering, developing, and displaying potential; and (4) ‘friendship’: social connectedness and belonging. Interpretation The identified themes resonate with the psychological needs outlined by self‐determination theory: fun relates to satisfaction and intrinsic motivation; freedom relates to ‘autonomy’; fulfilment relates to a belief in 'competence'; and friendship resonates with ‘relatedness’. Social context had an impact on all of these themes, indicating that this is an important target for leisure participation interventions.

The processes surrounding driving and driving cessation after TBI are complex. Informational, support and practical needs differ at the different times. There are key times where people may need further support to improve rehabilitation outcomes. Rehabilitation approaches may particularly need to provide clear, consistent information about driving restrictions, and the process required for returning to driving. While recovery time appears necessary for allowing a safe return to driving, active support for continued involvement in the community using alternative transport may reduce the frustration and disengagement experienced by people in the 'on hold' period.