Biochar, a carbon rich organic amendment, derived from organic biomass by pyrolysis under high-temperature and zero oxygen condition, is a soil amendment to enrich soil with essential nutrients. Biochar is multidimensional in its benefits, including increase in soil carbon sequestration, reduction in green house emission, improved soil fertility, and prolonged soil moisture retention capability to overcome drought. Biochar can be produced from a wide array of biological residues, contributed by plants as well as animals. Date palm a common plant in Gulf region, leave enormous quantity of residues, which are disposed or burnt as waste in farms, that acts as a source of pollution in date-producing nations. The residual biomass from dates is utilized in cattle feed production in some countries. Disposing these residues without harming the environment is a challenge and the perfect solution is biochar. Based on the unique abatement potential of biochar and its functions to improve soil health and soil carbon sequestration, biochar can be considered as long-term agriculture adaptation strategy. This comprehensive review highlights the production of biochar from date palm biomass, the influence of different date palm parts in biochar production, and their potential benefits to the community. It is realized that the knowledge of biochar from date palm residues is still in its infancy which requires concerted efforts to educate the date palm farming community to utilize the valuable biomass from date palm for transformation to a nutritious and eco-friendly product, biochar.
Induction of plant defense in response to herbivore involves emission of synamones that attracts natural enemies of herbivores. Herbivore-Induced volatiles were extracted from fresh healthy jasmine plants (Jasminum sambac L) and infested jasmine plants damaged by two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. and analysed through Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine volatile hydrocarbon profile in them. The results revealed that both the healthy and damaged leaves had emitted hydrocarbon compounds numbering 19 and 31respectively and some compounds were detected twice or even thrice. The variation in the hydrocarbon constituents of healthy and damaged plants clearly depicts the emission of volatiles responsible for attracting beneficials witnessing tritrophic interactions in jasmine ecosystem. The healthy jasmine plants emanated natural enemy attractants, linalool, methyl salicylate and alpha-farnesene, apart from other volatile organic compounds (VOC). Linalool is a volatile chemical that is produced by herbivore damage that attracts natural enemies. The compound allyl isothiocyanate was detected in two spotted mite infested jasmine extracts at 4.307 mts in a peak area of 1664139 mm2. Allyl isothiocyanate serves the plant as a defense against herbivores; since it is harmful to the plant. Allyl iso thiocyanate detected in enormous quantity in mite infested jasmine plants is a positive cue for commercial preparation of artificial lures to attract mite natural enemies in jasmine ecosystem. In the olfactometer behavioural bioassay studies, maximum number of released mite predator, Scirtothrips sexmaculaus, oriented on mite infested jasmine plant volatiles (18.5 nos), followed by leaf web worm (13.0) and healthy plant volatiles (5.5 nos).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.