Background:Chlorhexidine belongs to a group of medicines called antiseptic antibacterial agents. Chlorhexidine is commonly used for the care and clean off the skin, hands, and wounds. In recent years, medicinal and aromatic plants have been used for prevention of disease, maintaining health, and improving disease in traditional and modern medicine as a medicament. According to recent research, cineole is the isolated active agent of eucalyptus oil and possesses antimicrobial activity. It was demonstrated that cineole could enhance the antimicrobial effects of the other antiseptics.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of 1,8-cineole on the antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine against some microorganisms.Materials and Methods:The effect of 1,8-cineole on antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) was tested using seven different microorganisms. In this study, CHG (128–0.125 mg/l) and cineole (512–2 g/l) were analyzed together and separately using checkerboard assay. Interactions between CHG and 1,8-cineole have been identified as synergistic, indifferent, or antagonistic.Results:Synergistic activity was demonstrated between CHG and 1,8-cineole against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. Indifferent interactions for these compounds were demonstrated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Conclusion:CHG antiseptic properties were found to be increased when CHG was used in combination with 1,8-cineole. In this way, CHG will reveal stronger effect against microorganisms.SUMMARY Cineole has increased the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine gluconate against all microorganisms except Pseudomonas aeruginosaIn topical application, using cineole in combination with chlorhexidine may be easier, eradicate certain resistant bacteria by increasing the antimicrobial efficacy. Abbreviation Used: CHG: Chlorhexidine gluconate, MRSA: Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, MHB: Mueller Hinton broth, SDB: Sabouraud dextrose broth, CFU: Colonyforming unit, FIC: Fractional inhibitory concentration, FICI: FIC index, EO: Eucalyptus oil.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of various extracts obtained from Pistacia eurycarpa Yalt. on the exact time of appearance of the colonies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on solid media. For this purpose, the fatty acid compositions of the fixed oils were analyzed using Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry (GC-MS) in the fruit and peels. The fixed oils and the water-soluble extracts obtained from the plant as well as the fatty acids were added either separately or together on the surfaces of the Löwenstein Jensen and Middlebrook 7H11 agar media. Their effects on growth time of 40 strains of M. tuberculosis complex were investigated. Therefore, all of water-soluble extracts accelerated the growth of the mycobacteria in a statistically significant manner in both media. It was observed that the fixed oils and the fatty acids individually did not cause any significant effect on growth duration of the M. tuberculosis strains. Finally, the water-soluble extracts of P. eurycarpa fruit and its peel significantly accelerated the growth of M. tuberculosis by shortening the growth duration of M. tuberculosis at least by one third.