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ZnO nanoparticle–based multilayer nanocomposite films were fabricated on cationized woven cotton fabrics via layer-by-layer molecular self-assembly technique. For cationic surface charge, cotton fabrics were pretreated with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EP3MAC) by pad-batch method. XPS and SEM were used to examine the deposited nano-ZnO multilayer films on the cotton fabrics. The nano-ZnO films deposited on cotton fabrics exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results also showed that the coated fabrics with nano-ZnO multilayer films enhanced the protection of cotton fabrics from UV radiation. Physical tests (tensile strength of weft and warp yarns, air permeability and whiteness values) were performed on the fabrics before and after the treatment with ZnO nanoparticles to evaluate the effect of layer-by-layer (LbL) process on cotton fabrics properties.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of fading methods such as sand-blasting, laser and washing on performance properties of denim products. In this study, on one type of denim fabric, fading methods by laser and sand-blasting were applied in different intensities and pressures, and then fabrics were washed with the aid of different types of washing processes. Also, another denim fabric group was only washed by applying different types of washing processes. At the end of the study, loss of weight, color abrasion and loss of tensile strength of denim fabrics were measured. As a result, fading methods decreased tensile strength and weight values and the decrease rates changed in line with the intensity and the pressure of fading methods. Furthermore, color abrasion values of the fabrics changed due to the intensity and the pressure of fading methods. Back-staining values decreased after laccase enzyme and hypochlorite bleaching, but after other washings, back-staining values increased due to washing type.

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A multilayer nanocomposite film composed of anatase TiO(2) nanoparticles was fabricated on cationically modified woven cotton fabrics by the layer-by-layer molecular self-assembly technique. For cationic surface charge, cotton fabrics were pre-treated with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EP3MAC) by a pad-batch method. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to verify the presence of deposited nanolayers. Photocatalytic activities of the nanocomposite films were evaluated through the degradation of red wine pollutant. Nano-TiO(2) deposition enhanced the protection of cotton fabrics against UV radiation in comparison with the untreated cotton fabrics. Air permeability and whiteness value analysis was performed on the fabrics before and after the treatment with TiO(2) nanoparticles by the layer-by-layer deposition method. Tensile strength tests of the warp and weft yarns were performed to evaluate the effect of solution pH value changes during the alternate dipping procedures. For the first time the durability of the effect of the self-assembled multilayer films on the cotton fabric functional properties was analyzed after 10 and 20 washing cycles at 40 degrees C for 30 min.

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ABSTRACT:We surveyed environmentally friendly chemicals and mild processes that could be used to avoid the high absorbable organic halogen compounds (AOX) load and damage to the environment from the waste of wool plants. In this research, we sought to achieve a new zero-AOX processing alternative to conventional processes such as chlorine/Hercosett processing and thus use environmentally friendly enzymes and chitosan as a biopolymer. We studied enzymatic, oxidative, and additive processes and various combinations of them to improve the shrink-proofing and antifelting properties of wool. We performed our experiments with enzymatic treatments using commercial protease preparations, such as Perizym AFW, Alcalase 2.5L, Savinase 16L, and papain. The oxidative agents were hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochloride, and the additive agents were based on polyurethane, polysiloxane, and silicone, as well as chitosan, a hydrophilic and natural polymer. We attempted to determine the agent or combination that best improved the shrink-proofing properties.

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