The need of electricity in the world is increasing continuously, hence the emergency to resort to the exploitation of renewable energies especially for some countries like Morocco. Despite the different advantages of these energies, these are also characterized by two harmful aspects, particularly the intermittency and the difficulty of storage. In order to avoid such barriers, most researchers and industrials prefer to invest in renewable energy systems connected to the grid or other continuous energy source to meet regularly electrical needs. However, the purpose of this article is to focus on the analysis of a storage system for an off grid photovoltaic system. The goal is then to optimize the storage capacity of the installation by minimizing the oversizing which causes losses and high costs. In our article, we focused on the design of a virtual photovoltaic system located in a rural area of Errachidia in Morocco. We estimated the energy required by the load, also the necessary power of the photovoltaic field, then we estimated the Surplus and the Lack generated throughout the year based on the meteorological data of the site. Analysis of these virtual estimates can allow us to define the real required battery capacity and the appropriated number of autonomy days in order to avoid consequently oversizing.
This paper proposes a plug-in electric vehicle battery charger using SEPIC converter with coupled inductor. Here, the charger operates as a switched mode power supply (SMPS). The output dc voltage is controlled by varying the duty ratio of dc/dc converter by PWM technique. In addition, a new approach is introduced to control the dc link voltage using PI and PID controllers. The proposed model provides reduced cost, lower switching losses, lower conduction losses and higher efficiency. This topology optimize the efficiency of the converter over the battery voltage range (9V -38V) and load conditions without adding any additional circuit or implementing any on/off control techniques. The configuration without full bridge LLC converter are presented and analyzed. A 3.3 KW Lithium-ion battery with an output voltage of 9V to 38V from variable dc link voltage is simulated. In comparison to conventional approaches, the efficiency of the SEPIC converter is improved by 6%.
Nowadays, the use of clean renewable energies is becoming increasingly necessary in order to preserve our environment and ensure our energy needs. Nevertheless, the integration of this type of energy still faces many challenges that must be overcome, especially the fluctuation and the storage. Researches for the optimization of these systems, particularly photovoltaic technologies, are getting widespread and diversified. The main purpose of our article is to optimize the battery sizing in a Stand Alone Photovoltaic System by identifying the most appropriate number of autonomy days. A case study in theregion of Errachidia in Morocco has been established and simulated to define the optimal number. In the others current researches, only a small importance has been attributed to the battery autonomy. The objective is generally to ensure a continuous presence of energy especially for isolated systems while this is not always optimal nor economical and does not necessarily guarantee a safe supply. However, an over dimensioning of the battery will lead to a consequent cost and a loss of energy. The results show that the number of days of autonomy must correspond to the minimum ratio linking the lack of energy to the surplus during a specific period.
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