Abstract. Murine double minute clone 2 oncoprotein (MDM2) is a key component in the regulation of the tumour suppressor p53. The association between the MDM2 polymorphism and gastric cancer (GC) has been investigated in Turkish population. In the present case-control study, the aim was to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms of the MDM2 gene (a major regulator of p53 function) and primary GC risk in a Turkish population. The polymorphism, T309G (rs2279744) in the MDM2 gene was determined in patients with GC (n=65) and in healthy control subjects (n=67) using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The findings were evaluated using logistic regression and χ 2 tests. No statistically significant differences were observed between the control subjects and patients with GC regarding smoking status. A comparison between GC cases and control subjects indicated a statistically significant difference for family history of cancer [odds ratio (OR)=0.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05-0.56; χ 2 =0.19; P=0.01]. A significant difference was identified in the GG genotype distribution between GC patients and control subjects (OR=4.58; 95% CI, 1.18-17.79; P=0.022). Thus, the results of the present study indicate that the MDM2 gene T309G intron (GG) genotype may be an important risk factor for GC development in the Turkish population.
Detorsion, cecopexy, cecostomy and tube cecostomy are the treatment options for acute cecal volvulus if there is no intestinal ischemia. Resection required if intestinal viability, necrosis, gangrene or perforation exists. After resection, primary anastomosis or ileostomy can be performed. First colonoscopic decompression testing may be appropriate in terms of saving time for elective surgery. The co-existance of situs inversus totalis with cecal volvulus may cause uncertainty of the definite diagnosis and delay of surgical procedure. This is a case report about cecal volvulus together with situs inversus totalis.
Background. In peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), increased life span and disease-free survival times are shown in patients with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) following cytoreductive surgery (SRC). In this study, our main objective was to present our experience of performing SRC and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC and EPIC) on patients with PC, in light of the literature. Methods. Demographic data, follow-up results, peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI), completeness of cytoreduction (CCR) score, and morbidity and mortality rates of 180 patients treated with SRC + HIPEC + EPIC for PC at the Department of Surgical Oncology at Sivas Cumhuriyet University between January 2008 and July 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Results. Distribution of 180 PC cases according to primary organs included 53 ovarian, 39 colorectal, 33 stomach, 25 primary peritoneum, 10 uterus, 10 tuba, five soft tissue, and five appendix originated carcinoma. The average PCI of the cases detected preoperatively was 21 (5–30). Completeness of cytoreduction scores of CCR-0 in 102 cases, CCR-1 in 67 cases, CCR-2 in eight cases, and CCR-3 in three cases was obtained. Median operation time was 300 (200–540) minutes. Perioperative morbidity rate was 47.0%, and perioperative mortality rate was 13.5%. Conclusion. The peritonectomy procedure is a difficult, long-lasting, troublesome intervention, but it is the most important treatment option with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates in patients selected for PC treatment in experienced centers.
Although femoral hernias are less commonly seen compared with other types of hernias, they have an inversely proportional importance to its lower frequency because of its higher risk of strangulation, morbidity, and mortality. In neglected cases, strangulation may cause enterocutaneous fistula; as a result, a mortal clinic with electrolyte imbalance, anemia, and malnutrition can be seen. This clinical condition requires immediate surgical intervention. Because this is a rare clinical presentation, we have reported a neglected case of femoral hernia in a 75-year-old woman admitted to our emergency department with an enterocutaneous fistula secondary to intestinal strangulation. (Eurasian J Emerg Med 2015; 14: 199-200)
Gastric cancer is a multifunctional disease. Emotional stress, physiological and neuroendocrine changes in cancer patients can lead to the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the release of hormone dependent hormones such as catecholamine. In particular, it has been reported that catecholamine induction directly affects the biological behavior of tumor cells via β2-Adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) mediated signaling. In this study, it was aimed to investigate polymorphism of β2-AR gene (rs1042717) in gastric cancer patients. Method: Polymorphism in the β2-AR gene (rs1042717) was determined by Real-Time PCR method in 60 gastric cancer patients and 50 healthy controls. The results were evaluated using logistic regression and Chi-square (χ2) test. Results: The comparison of gastric cancer patients and controls determined a statistically significant relationship for alcoholic drink consumption (p<0,05). There was a statistically significant relationship between β2-AR (rs1042717) polymorphism and stomach cancer (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between mutant (AA) genotype with wild type (GG) and heterozygous (AG) polymorphic genotypes when evaluated in β2-AR polymorphism gastric cancer patients and control group (χ2: 19,38, p: 0.001). Similarly, there was a statistically significant correlation between heterozygous (AG) with wild type (GG) and mutant (AA) polymorphic genotypes in gastric cancer (χ2: 14, 27, p: 0,001). Conclusions: In this study, it was found that the AG genotype is predominant in gastric cancer patients and controls, and that the AA genotype has a protective effect against gastric cancer.
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