Omental and mesenteric lipomas are very rare benign lesions of mature adipose tissue. They are well-defined, noninvasive, and encapsulated masses that can be discovered in asymptomatic patients or may cause variable nonspecific symptoms depending on their size and location. The omental and mesenteric lipoma has confusing features in ultrasound; however, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can well characterize and demarcate these lesions. Though few cases of mesenteric and omental lipomas have been reported in the literature, but because of its large size and childhood presentation, the case we present, can be one of the largest childhood omental and mesenteric lipomas ever reported. A 6-year-old girl presented with slowly progressing abdominal distension and repeated dull abdominal pain for last 4 years. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography examination revealed a huge mesenteric and omental lipoma that was resected surgically without any complications.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare congenital anomaly of the pulmonary veins drainage. In this entity, the pulmonary veins, instead of draining to left atrium, connect abnormally to the systemic venous circulation. A right-to-left shunt is obligatory for survival. Based on its type and degree of pulmonary venous obstruction, TAPVC may result in pulmonary hypertension and congestive heart failure. In severe cases, urgent diagnosis and surgical correction is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Echocardiography as the first and safest imaging modality for cardiovascular abnormalities may fail in complete depiction of some complex feature of TAPVC. Computed tomography angiography is then a noninvasive and sensitive choice for mapping the pulmonary veins without the need for invasive cardiac catheterization. Contrast-enhanced MR angiography can be a radiation-free alternative. Authors present a computed tomography–detected supracardiac TAPVC with small patent ductus arteriosus in a 2 months cyanotic infant.

A 10-year-old boy with the history of headache, anorexia, and vomiting was referred to our department to undergo a brain CT scan. CT images demonstrated a well-defined, rounded, hyperdense lesion at the level of the foramen of Monro causing moderate dilatation of the lateral ventricles. An 11-year-old girl with a long history of a headache was also referred to undergoing a brain MRI. MR images demonstrated a well-defined round abnormal signal intensity lesion at the level of the foramen of Monro causing moderate dilatation of lateral ventricles. The findings from imaging perspective were consistent with the colloid cyst of the third ventricle. Therefore, the diagnosis of the colloid cyst was made.

Background Germ cell tumors prefer gonadal regions, but they can be expected in extragonadal sites such as the anterior mediastinum, which is the commonly involved region after gonads. Amongst germ cell tumors, teratomas are the rarer subtypes which develop in the anterior mediastinum. Case presentation The authors present two adult patients, a male and a female, both complaining of chronic chest pain and cough. Chest CT scans were performed revealing characteristic CT features of mature teratomas in the anterior mediastinum which were extending to the superior mediastinum in both patients. Conclusion Germ cell tumors are involving the mediastinum; however, amongst all germ cell tumors, teratoma is the least common type arising in the mediastinum, and a chest CT scan considered the imaging investigation of choice. Surgery is the best option and patients may have a very good prognosis.

Purpose To identify the association of mammographic breast density with breast cancer and its common risk factors in the context of Afghanistan. Methods A case-control study enrolled Afghan women, age 35-years and above who were referred to the Radiology Department of French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children. Of all participants (n = 270), 71 had pathology proven breast malignancy labelled as cases and rest with normal/abnormal mammogram but negative pathology report for malignancy were labelled as controls. Results MBD type b, c and d had greater likelihood to be diagnosed with breast cancer compared to MBD type a and this difference was statistically significant, P = 0.025. The Odds Ratio of 10.057 suggests that participants with MBD type b, c, and d were 10.057 times more likely to have a breast cancer diagnosis compared to MBD type a with 95% CI of (1.337–75.660). The association between MBD and age, parity, breast-feeding history, breast feeding number, menopausal status, passive smoking, and BMI were statistically significant with the p value less than 0.05, whereas no statistically significant association was found between MBD and family history of breast cancer, active smoking, physical activity, OCP and HRT usage. Conclusion Afghan women with higher types of MBD (b, c and d) are 10 times more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer compared to Afghan women with type a MBD.