A circular polarized square fractal patch antenna with square slot and via is proposed, which can be applied to global navigation satellite systems. Two pairs of square ring slot with different sizes are placed diagonally for antenna circularly polarized radiation. By changing the square patch into a fractal structure and adding defective ground structure, miniaturization can be achieved while the bandwidth is further expanded. The total antenna size is 0.3λ o  0.3λ o  0.03λ o (λ o is the free-space wavelength at 1.575 GHz). The final measurement results show that the maximum gain is 3.26 dBic, the 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is 1.57-1.6 GHz and the impedance bandwidth (S11 < À10 dB) is more than 60 MHz at the resonant frequency of 1.575 GHz.
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