The content of ac4C in human body fluids changes significantly under disease conditions (Figure 3). Specifically, the ac4C content in the urine of patients with disease is significantly higher than that of healthy people, including gestational diabetes, 25 interstitial cystitis

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IL-10 is a regulator of inflammation and immunosuppression. IL-10 regulates a variety of immune cells to limit and stop the inflammatory response, and thus plays an important role in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer. IL-10 is closely related to epigenetic modification, in which changes in DNA methylation of IL-10 gene can affect mRNA and protein levels of IL-10. In addition, changes in histone modifications, especially histone acetylation, can also lead to abnormal expression of IL-10 mRNA. At the same time, a handful of IL-10 related microRNAs (miRNAs) are found to be aberrantly expressed in multiple diseases. Besides, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest specific transcript 5 (GAS5) also inhibits IL-10 expression. Here, we reviewed the epigenetic changes related to IL-10 in various diseases, as well as the regulation of IL-10 gene expression in various diseases by epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, miRNA, and lncRNA.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small ribonucleic acids (19-24 nucleotides). 1 miRNAs play an important role in post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS). 1 Thousands of miRNAs have been discovered, and they can regulate more than 30% of gene expression. 2 The miR-NAs can be detected in about 50% of the mutated regions in tumor tissues, suggesting that miRNAs may be closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. 2MicroRNA-802 (miR-802) gene is located on chromosome 21, and its precursor can be processed into two functional mature miRNAs (miR-802-3p and miR-802-5p). Among them, miR-802-3p is much richer than miR-802-5p. 3 Current studies have found that miR-802 is abnormally expressed in a variety of tumor tissues and cells, suggesting that the expression of miR-802 may be related to tumors. This review reports the abnormal expression of miR-802 in various tumors including tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), esophageal squamous cell

MicroRNA is a small noncoding RNA that plays a role in regulating gene expression. miR-1271 is a tumor suppressor microRNA, which is related to the biological changes of many cancers. miR-1271 is considered a biomarker with a potential prognosis and high therapeutic value in tumors. Besides, the expression of miR-1271 is also regulated by many factors. In this study, we summarize the role of miR-1271 in tumors, focusing on the molecular mechanisms of the target genes of miR-1271. Our review will provide a comprehensive understanding of miR-1271 in tumors, as well as ideas for subsequent tumor research related to miR-1271.

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