Microporous nitrogen‐doped carbons produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass derivative followed by chemical activation showed excellent supercapacitive capacitance performance both in acid and base electrolytes.

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NSD2 is the primary enzyme responsible for the dimethylation of lysine 36 of histone 3 (H3K36me2), a mark associated with active gene transcription and intergenic DNA methylation. In addition to a methyltransferase domain, NSD2 harbors two PWWP and five PHD domains believed to serve as chromatin reading modules, but their exact function in the regulation of NSD2 activity remains underexplored. Here we report a first-in-class chemical probe targeting the N-terminal PWWP (PWWP1) domain of NSD2. UNC6934 binds potently (Kd of 91 +/- 8 nM) to PWWP1, antagonizes its interaction with nucleosomal H3K36me2, and selectively engages endogenous NSD2 in cells. Crystal structures show that UNC6934 occupies the canonical H3K36me2-binding pocket of PWWP1 which is juxtaposed to the DNA-binding surface. In cells, UNC6934 induces accumulation of endogenous NSD2 in the nucleolus, phenocopying the localization defects of NSD2 protein isoforms lacking PWWP1 as a result of translocations prevalent in multiple myeloma. Mutation of other NSD2 chromatin reader domains also increases NSD2 nucleolar localization, and enhances the effect of UNC6934. Finally we identified two C-terminal nucleolar localization sequences in NSD2 that appear to drive nucleolar accumulation when one or more chromatin reader domains are disabled. These data support a model in which NSD2 chromatin engagement is achieved in a cooperative manner and subcellular localization is controlled by multiple competitive structural determinants. This chemical probe and the accompanying negative control, UNC7145, will be useful tools in defining NSD2 biology.

Growing interest in developing devices that can be implantable or wearable requires the identification of suitable materials for the components of these devices. Electrochemical supercapacitors are not the exception in this trend, and identifying electrode materials that can be not only suitable for the capacitive device but also biocompatible at the same time is important. In addition, it would be advantageous if physiological fluids could be used instead of more conventional (and often corrosive) electrolytes for implantable or wearable supercapacitors. In this study, we assess the biocompatibility of films of anodized TiO 2 nanotubes subjected to the subsequent annealing in Ar atmosphere and evaluate their capacitive performance in a physiological liquid. A biocompatibility test tracking cell proliferation on TiO 2 nanotube electrodes and electrochemical tests in 0.01 M phosphate-buffered saline solution are discussed. It is expected that the study will stimulate further developments in this area. ECs are mainly based on two energy storage mechanisms which represent a non-faradaic process and faradaic processes. The nonfaradaic process includes physical adsorption/desorption on the electrolyte/electrode interface. The negative electrode attracts cations of an electrolyte and the positive electrode attracts anions during the charging process to form two electric double layers on two electrode/electrolyte interfaces; the cations and anions are then released back to electrolyte when the EC discharges. This type of ECs is commonly called electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and their electrodes are typically high surface area carbon materials. [3][4][5][6] The faradaic processes are similar to mechanisms in batteries as reversible redox reactions are involved. In supercapacitors, the redox reactions typically occur only on the surface of electrodes. This type of supercapacitors based on the redox processes in the electrodes is also commonly called pseudocapactors.7 RuO 2 is a classic example of an electrode material for supercapacitors operating via a pseudocapacitive (redox) mechanism. 1,[7][8][9][10] TiO 2 is an interesting electrode materials for the state-of-the-art electrochemical energy storage systems and can be used both lithiumion batteries 11-13 and electrochemical supercapacitors. 12 Films of TiO 2 nanotube arrays have particularly attracted attentions for the application in supercpacitors because of their high surface area and have been a subject of a number of studies.14-28 Based on the ideal capacitive response of TiO 2 (rectangular cyclic voltammetry curves) observed in some cases, researchers have previously assigned the storage mechanism in TiO 2 nanotube electrodes predominantly to the conventional electric double layer storage (see, for example, 17,23 ). Due to the low conductivity of TiO 2 and the amorphous nature of the anodized nanotubes, the capacitance of the pristine, as-anodized layer of TiO 2 nanotubes is quite low and, therefore, a number of approaches have been developed to...

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