We systematically summarize the recent progress in the green synthesis and formation mechanism of CDs with the hope to provide guidance for developing CDs with the concept of green chemistry. In addition, we discuss and organize the current opinions on the fluorescence origin of CDs and the latest progress of CDs in fluorescence sensing applications.

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The room temperature synthesis of highly PL CNDs and GQDs by simply mixing TETA and p-benzoquinone and the origin of their photoluminescence.

Core–shell structural carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are prepared through a highly efficient self-exothermic reaction at room temperature, which possess 24.6% absolute quantum yield and can be well applied for analysis applications.