A large-scale synthesis of photoluminescent carbon quantum dots: a self-exothermic reaction driving the formation of the nanocrystalline core at room temperature

Abstract

Core–shell structural carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are prepared through a highly efficient self-exothermic reaction at room temperature, which possess 24.6% absolute quantum yield and can be well applied for analysis applications.

An Efficient Synthesis and Photoelectric Properties of Green Carbon Quantum Dots with High Fluorescent Quantum Yield

“…The solution turned dark wine red when anhydrous ethanol was added. This indicates that after the addition of H 2 O 2 , the EDA has catalysed the decomposition of H 2 O 2 to release a lot of heat, and at the same time, 2,7-dihydroxylnaphthalene and EDA have undergone a Schiff-base condensation reaction and rapid carbonisation [22], and then g-CQDs have been generated through a solvothermal reaction.…”

“…As shown in Table 1, with a gradual increase of the V (EDA) , both the PY and QY values of g-CQDs first increased and then decreased. As the formation process of CQDs includes oxidation, amination, and carbonation [22], a change in the PY value is mainly related to the carbonisation process of g-CQDs [23]. As the V (EDA) was increased from 0 to 8 mL, the amination process of g-CQDs was sufficient at the beginning and then excessive.…”

Carbon source self-heating: ultrafast, energy-efficient and room temperature synthesis of highly fluorescent N, S-codoped carbon dots for quantitative detection of Fe(iii) ions in biological samples

“…38 The new absorption peaks at around 1740, 1650 and 1515 cm À1 were found to appear in the spectrum of CDs (Fig. 2c, curve b), which can be ascribed to the C]O, C]N and N-H groups, respectively, 26,39,40 verifying the oxidation and polymerization of TEPA. Additionally, another new absorption peak could also be observed at around 1120 cm À1 , which was associated with the stretching vibrations of the S]O bond derived from Na 2 S 2 O 8 , 41 and indicated the successful doping of sulphur into N, S-codoped CDs.…”

“…In addition, the reaction heat produced from the ethylenediamine/ triethylenetetramine-catalysed decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) has been utilized as the heat source to induce the synthesis of hydroquinone-derived CDs at room temperature without strong acid or alkali. 26,27 However, these strategies for fabricating CDs still require the costly external energy supplied by H 2 O 2 -based self-exothermic systems to carbonize the precursors. Additionally, only one kind of carbon source, i.e.…”

Carbon-based quantum particles: an electroanalytical and biomedical perspective

“…64 Using hydroquinone and ethylenediamine (EDA) for EDAcatalyzed decomposition of hydrogen peroxide at room temperature, the released heat from this highly exothermic reaction system was used to promote the formation of CQDs. 65…”