Plusieurs plantes dont Bombax costatum, Ceiba pentandra, Adansonia digitata ont des individus juvéniles et adultes très rares dans le PNC comme dans le domaine rural.
Abstract. Malan DF, Litta AL, Kougbo MD, Diop AL, Kouassi KG. 2020. Wild edible plants in four Agni tribes of Central-east and Northeast of Côte d’Ivoire: a comparative study. Biodiversitas 21: 4896-4902. An ethnobotany survey was carried out in twelve villages of the four Agni tribes from the Center-east to Northeast of the Côte d'Ivoire, in order to assess the evolution of the knowledge and know-how of these peoples concerning wild edible plants. Frequency of citations and the Smith index of each of edible plants were obtained with data from the survey of 571 informants (279 men and 292 women). Factorial analysis of the correspondences was also performed in order to reveal the similarities between the different tribes. In total, 77 plant species (36 families and 67 genera) were cited as consumed by humans. The most used parts are the fruits (65.38%), and leaves (24.36%). Analysis of the similarities shows that only 18.82% of these species are common to the four tribes. In addition, knowledge related to wild edible plants is gradually degrading, for several reasons, including obsolescence of use and the unavailability of plants due to environmental degradation. Thus, the valuation and protection of these resources would be beneficial to populations.
Chromolaena odorata, Euphorbia heterophylla, Fleischmannia microstemon, Porophyllum ruderale and Synedrella nodiflora are five invasive plants in agrosystems in Côte d'Ivoire. They strongly influence the structure and diversity of native plant communities. In addition, they can compete for water and nutritional resources with cultivated plants, leading to a decrease in agricultural yield. This competition often occurs through the emission of allelochemicals that prevent seed germination or inhibit the development of other species. Thus, this study aims to assess the allelopathic effects of these five species on maize and rice, two crops generally used in food self-sufficiency programmes. To this end, the seed germination, root and stem growth of these crops watered with different leaf extracts of these five species were monitored in the laboratory. All five species were found to have allelopathic effects on maize and rice development. However, the action of the allelochemicals is specific to the target plant organs and increases with the concentration of the extracts. The study shows that of the five plants, C. odorata, E. heterophylla and F. microstemon are the most damaging as they have a more pronounced effect on seed germination.
En zone de forêt tropicale, les ligneux compagnes offrent de multiples services écosystémiques aux populations locales. Cependant, ils sont sur le point de disparaitre du fait que les agriculteurs ont désormais des objectifs tournés vers la production massive. Cette étude avait pour objectif d’analyser l’impact del’installation des exploitations cacaoyères et hévéicolessur la diversité de ces ligneux dansla région de l’Indénié-Djuablin en Côte d’Ivoire.Une enquête a été menée auprès de 108 agriculteurs (73 hommes et 35 femmes) de la région afin de connaître les processus et les activités relatifs à l’installation de leurs exploitations agricoles. Puis, la densité, l’aire basale et la diversité des ligneux compagnes ont étéévaluées à l’intérieur de 108 exploitations agricoles (54 cacaoyères et 54 hévéicoles) de différentes classes d’âge.Ceci a permis de comparerces parcelles agricoles à celles des forêts en reconstitution servant de témoins. Pour installer de nouvelles parcelles agricoles, ces agriculteurs réduisent la densité des arbresen fonction du type de culture et mettent le feu à la parcelle à exploiter. Ainsi lenombre moyen d’espèces de ligneux compagnesvarie de 4,92 à 6,17 espèces dans les exploitations à base de Theobroma cacao et de 2,08 et 2,50 espèces dans les exploitations à base de Hevea basiliensis. Toutefois, ces valeurs diffèrent de celle des forêts en reconstitution qui est en moyenne de 15,58 espèces.Contrairement aux exploitationsà base de Hevea brasiliensis, l’établissement des exploitations à base de Theobroma cacaoa eu comme conséquence une plus grande conservation de la diversité structurale et fonctionnelle des ligneux compagnes.
Mots clés: Forêts, Hevea basiliensis, Theobroma cacao
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