Orchard performance is influenced by weed competition. In this study, the effects of weed competition on nutrient contents, chemical and physical fruit quality properties were sought. The study was carried out in a high-density apple orchard ('Golden Delicious'/M.9) over two consecutive growing seasons. The effect of weed competition was studied at three different levels: weak, moderate and strong. Fruit firmness, soluble solids content, macronutrients (such as nitrogen, potassium and calcium) and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio in fruit were significantly affected by weed competition. Strong weed competition negatively affected soluble solids content and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio. In both trial years, soluble solids content was significantly higher in weak weed competition. In the first year of the study, soluble solids content ranged between 13.77±0.06% (strong weed competition) and 15.20±0.10% (weak weed competition). In the following year, soluble solids content values were determined as 13.13±0.23% in strong weed competition and 13.83±0.21% in weak weed competition. Weak weed competition showed superiority for fruit weight and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio. As a whole, this study indicates that insufficient weed control in tree rows might be a limiting factor for fruit quality in high-density apple orchards.
The purpose of this research is to measure the economic performance and development of rainbow trout farming in inland waters in Turkey. As a result of the research, it was determined that the farms use an average of 82% of their capacities. There was a negative relationship between the farm-scale and CUR, and as the farm scale grows, the CUR decreases. The average feed conversion rate (FCR) of the enterprises was calculated as 1.12. Fish capital (36.8%) had the largest share in active capital, and equity capital (87.2%) had the largest share in passive capital. Net profits of farms falling to one-tonne production capacity; it was calculated as 2.374 TRY in small-scale farms, 1.322 TRY in medium-scale farms and 1.896 TRY in large-scale farms. The proportional profit of farms was 1.08, 0.99, and 1.17, respectively. The average current ratio value of the examined farms was calculated as 3.67 and liquidity ratios as 3.55. As the farm's scale grows, current ratio values also increase, and large-scale farms had more cash assets than small and medium-scale farms. As a result of the research; It can be said that the trout-breeding farms in Turkey have current assets that can pay their short term debts. The average borrowing rate of farms was 0.16. In other words, 16% of the financial assets of the trout farms in Turkey were met from debts. The turnover rate of the assets of the farms was 0.79 and is below the sector average. The average rate of economic profitability of farms was calculated as 0.13. In other words, the income that farms generate from aquaculture is more than the opportunity cost.
Pre-harvest and harvest losses were assessed in '0900 Ziraat' sweet cherry cultivar. The trials were carried out at three different production regions as Uluborlu, Ilavuz and Eğirdir of Isparta province. Four different sweet cherry growers were selected from each region. Fruit samples were taken during harvest and the main reasons of fruit losses were determined. Thirty-three percent of Isparta sweet cherry production, pre-harvest and during harvest is lost due to the misapplication. Pre-harvest losses in the Uluborlu higher than other regions were found (19.67%). In this region small and stemless fruits are a problem for growers. Ilavuz, the region has the highest harvest losses (18.91%). Small fruit (12%) has to the highest rates in the total loss of the region. The second reason was the loss of bird damage (5%).
Şeftali terbiye sistemlerinde halen uygulanan Goble sisteminden öte farklı sistemlerde ve sık dikim metotları ile meyve kalitesi olumsuz etkilenmeden daha verimli ve karlı yetiştiricilik tekniklerinin ortaya konulması amacı ile Meyvecilik Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğünde 2012-2018 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, GF-677 üzerine aşılı ‘Monroe’ çeşidi, 4 terbiye sistemi (Goble, Merkezi Lider, İnce İğ ve Y-Trellis) ve farklı sıra üzeri mesafeler kullanılmış olup (Goble ve Merkezi Lider terbiye sistemleri için: 5m, 4m, 3m, 2 m, İnce İğ ve Y-Trellis terbiye sistemleri için: 2m, 1.5m, 1 m) bu uygulamaların ekonomik değerlendirmeleri için şeftali terbiye sistemlerinin birim alana karlılık düzeyleri ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuç olarak, kümülatif brüt kar ve kümülatif net karı en yüksek olan uygulamalar Monroe/GF 677 şeftali fidanlarında 1 m dikim mesafesinde İnce İğ ve Y-Trellis sistemleri olmuş ve yetiştiricilik açısından bu uygulamaların uygun olduğu kanısına varılmıştır.
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