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In this study, commercial nanofiltration membranes (Toray, NF 270, Desal 5 L) were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, optical profilometry, contact angle, mechanical strength and zeta potential measurements. Filtration performance tests were conducted with distilled water, MgSO4 solution and synthetic dye solutions, respectively. Among three commercial membranes, Toray membrane was thought to be better one. Additional experiments have been carried out for a more detailed characterization of the selected membrane. Therefore, firstly, flux and removal efficiency was monitored by using dye solutions at different pH values, and then experiments were carried out to observe the effect of different temperatures. Also, another filtration test with NaCl solution were performed for Toray membrane. As the main purpose of this study, it was aimed to establish a significant correlation between the structural properties of membranes and their performances. In the light of the results obtained, it has been observed that the contact angle, mechanical strength and surface roughness values of the membrane significantly affect the membrane performance. It was concluded that the most important parameter in dye removal is the zeta potential. As a result of this work, a data set of commercial membranes were created available to all membrane users.

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The importance of water recovery and reuse is increasing day by day. Therefore, the use of advanced technologies is applied for the treatment and recovery of textile wastewater. The fact that ceramic membranes are resistant to the challenging characteristics of textile wastewater makes the use of ceramic membranes useful. Within the scope of this review, general information about the textile industry and treatment techniques are mentioned, as well as the properties of ceramic membranes and textile wastewater treatment. In the literature review made in this study, recent studies on the production of ceramic membranes and laboratory applications have been compiled. However, it has been observed that although the real-scale studies are relatively higher in industries such as the food and petrochemical industry, it is rather limited in the textile industry.