Training transfer is important for researchers and practitioners as organization invests much budget in training but reaps only lower estimation of transfer in practical domains. Researches revealed training design and work environment characteristics are important variables which influence training transfer. This study intended to examine individual level of trainee characteristics exclusively by structural equation modeling (SEM) from broad industries in Taiwan by 500 questionnaires sent to participants with 316 usable returns in 63.2% return rate. The result revealed the fully prediction role of motivation on self-efficacy to training transfer. Without other study setting, self-efficacy, motivation to learn, motivation to transfer, and training transfer are sorted sequentially.

Psychological capital (PsyCap) is an important resource for combating one's stress in organizational context which constructed with core constructs including self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resilience. Colleges freshmen have much stress while their transition from high schools (youth hood) to colleges (adult hood). While the participants from colleges, this study comprised academic self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and academic resilience into PsyCap constructs and examined its effectiveness on learning and adaptive stress of colleges freshmen. 640 survey questionnaires were distributed to participants, 427 usable questionnaires returned, with 66.7% valid return rate graded by the participants from Department of International Business Management (IBM) of 8 universities located in center of Taiwan. The results disclosed, except to the living expense stress, overall PsyCap efficaciously copes with learning and adaptive stress of colleges freshmen. Besides, overall PsyCap has found stronger predictabilities to learning and adaptive stress than its individual element. This study contributed to confirm the role of PsyCap as an important resource in combating with stress across different disciplines, and, in both theoretical and practical implications. The concrete conclusions and recommendations of this study were made for ISSN 2162-6952 2014 www.macrothink.org/jse 26 theoretical and practical courses design of IBM, and further studies. Journal of Studies in Education

Training transfer is an important concern for researchers and practitioners due to the huge budget on training but lower estimation of transfer in practical domains. Researches revealed training design, trainees' characteristics and work environment characteristics are the most important sets of variables in a training context. This study intended to examine individuals' cognition of motivation with perceived organizational transfer climate by structural equation modeling (SEM) from broad industries in Taiwan. 500 questionnaires were sent to participants and 316 usable returns in 63.2% return rate were computed. The results revealed the predictor role of the positive organizational transfer climate to both motivation to learn and motivation to transfer. Both motivation to learn and motivation to transfer predict training transfer and played mediator roles of transfer climate to training transfer. Moreover, motivation to transfer also mediated motivation to learn to training transfer. In addition to confirm the prediction role of positive organizational transfer climate, this study contributed to reinforce the relationship among motivation to learn, motivation to transfer, and training transfer.