The identification of some important retinal anatomical regions is a prerequisite for the computer aided diagnosis of several retinal diseases. In this paper, we propose a new adaptive method for the automatic segmentation of the optic disk in digital color fundus images, using mathematical morphology. The proposed method has been designed to be robust under varying illumination and image acquisition conditions, common in eye fundus imaging. Our experimental results based on two publicly available eye fundus image databases are encouraging, and indicate that our approach potentially can achieve a better performance than other known methods proposed in the literature. Using the DRIVE database (which consists of 40 retinal images), our method achieves a success rate of 100% in the correct location of the optic disk, with 41.47% of mean overlap. In the DIARETDB1 database (which consists of 89 retinal images), the optic disk is correctly located in 97.75% of the images, with a mean overlap of 43.65%.

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Despite the limitations related to the retrospective and non-comparative setting, this study suggests that the use of fibrin glue seems to be safe and effective for tissue fixation or incisional closure presenting low rates of complications in ocular surface and anterior segment surgeries.

The poor outcome resulted in evisceration of the affected eye.

Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (cotrimoxazole) is an antibiotic combination widely used for infections treatment and prophylaxis. These and others sulfonamides have been implicated in a rare syndrome of choroidal effusion with transient myopia and angle-closure glaucoma. Previous cases reported in literature evolved to complete resolution after drug withdrawal. In contrast, we describe a rare case in which a patient developed the syndrome while taking cotrimoxazole, but did not recover visual acuity. A 49-year-old man started Pneumocystis carini prophylaxis with cotrimoxazole; four days later, the patient presented severe ocular pain, hyperemia and chemosis. Intraocular pressure reached more than 50 mmHg in both eyes a 360 degrees choroidal effusion occurred. Medication was removed soon after the diagnosis was suspected and intraocular pressure decreased in four days. Even so total cataract and phthisis bulbi occurred in both eyes two months later. This would be the first case in the literature in which the outcome was unfavorable despite early diagnosis and withdrawal of the drug.

OBJETIVO: Quantificar a experiência clínica do Serviço de Cirurgia Geral do Complexo Hospitalar da Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, criando um diagnóstico epidemiológico de demanda e traçando um perfil do paciente de risco de evisceração, através da análise do manejo e conduta mais adequados. MÉTODO: No período de 2000 a 2001, foram estudados prospectivamente 1182 pacientes submetidos a laparotomias, dos quais 13 evoluiram com evisceração. RESULTADOS: Dos 13 pacientes eviscerados, 69,2% eram homens, com idade média de 55,9 anos. A neoplasia foi a patologia de base mais prevalente (61,5%), e o tempo médio de evisceração foi de 12,1 dias. A albumina sérica média encontrada foi de 2,8 g/dl e a sutura contínua a técnica de fechamento mais utilizada no Serviço. CONCLUSÃO: O perfil do paciente eviscerado nesta série,inclui homens com mais de 50 anos e obesos, com doença maligna e hipoalbuminemia. Esses pacientes têm maior probabilidade de desenvolver complicações locais, tais como infecção e aumento da pressão intra-abdominal, contribuindo para a deiscência total da parede abdominal. A análise destes fatores deve ser imperiosa na decisão de ancoragem primária dessa população.

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