Summary Reasons for performing study: Historically, there has been a consensus that conservative management of subchondral cystic lesions of the distal phalanx carries a poor prognosis. Surgical management has been advocated; however, there are no reports documenting its routine use and successful surgical treatment. Objectives: To describe arthroscopically‐guided curettage of distal phalangeal subchondral cystic lesions (SCLs) and report the qualitative and quantitative results in 11 affected horses age 16–33 months. Methods: Medical records of horses with previously treated lameness resulting from SCLs of the third phalanx were reviewed. Arthroscopic debridement of the SCLs was described. Follow‐up information was obtained from race records and telephone contact with owners and trainers. The sign‐rank test was used to compare performance of operated racehorses to that of unoperated siblings. Results: Ten of the 11 horses (91%) in the study returned to athletic soundness after surgical treatment and had performance records similar to their siblings. Conclusions: Data show that arthroscopic debridement of distal phalangeal SCLs is a viable treatment for affected horses age 16–33 months and can result in a successful return to intended athletic performance. No horses younger than 16 months or older than 33 months were treated and results in horses younger or older than this group may vary in success. Potential relevance: The description of treatment and approach used for arthroscopic curettage will increase awareness of this option and increase treatment options for this condition.
A 14-month-old male Quarter horse was presented for evaluation of a grade 3 out of 5 (grade 0 = sound; grade 5 = non-weight bearing) right rear lameness. A firm, 8 x 16 cm mass was palpable at the caudal medial aspect of the distal tibia and proximal tarsal region of the right hind limb. A percutaneous needle aspirate contained mesenchymal cells that were moderate to large in size with single, oblong nuclei. Differential diagnoses included fibrous hyperplasia, fibroma, or well-differentiated fibrosarcoma. Excisional biopsy for both definitive diagnosis and treatment was offered and selected by the owner. A fibrosarcoma was confirmed by histological examination of the mass. One and a half years after resection signs of lameness or evidence of regrowth of the mass were not evident.
Interest in the cervical spine as a cause of pain or dysfunction is increasingly becoming the focus of many equine practitioners. Many affected horses are presented for poor performance, while others will present with dramatic, sometimes dangerous behavior. Understanding and distinguishing the different types of neck pain is a starting point to comprehending how the clinical presentations can vary so greatly. There are many steps needed to systematically evaluate the various tissues of the cervical spine to determine which components are contributing to cervical pain and dysfunction. Osseous structures, soft tissues and the central and the peripheral nervous system may all play a role in these various clinical presentations. After completing the clinical evaluation, several imaging modalities may be implemented to help determine the underlying pathologic processes. There are multiple treatment options available and each must be carefully chosen for an individual horse. Provided is a synopsis of the current knowledge as to different disease processes that can result in cervical pain and dysfunction, diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies. Improving the knowledge in these areas will ideally help to return horses to a state of well-being that can be maintained over time and through the rigors of their job or athletic endeavors.
Summary This report describes a method for removal of large granulosa cell tumours through small paralumbar incisions using laparoscopic dissection of the mesovarium and subsequent removal of the ovary in a sterile retrieval bag via morcellation. Morcellation allows division of the granulosa cell tumour and subsequent reduction of incision size required for removal. The use of a specimen retrieval bag prevented contamination of the abdomen and incision with tumour cells during activation of the morcellator.
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