Taeniasis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan infeksi cacing pita spesies T. solium, T. saginata dan T. asiatica. Papua merupakan daerah endemis T. solium. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui proporsi serta faktor yang mempengaruhi taeniasis di Provinsi Papua. Desain penelitian potong lintang. Penelitian ini dilakukan bulan Maret- Desember 2016. Jumlah sampel serum 7.874 dimana dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah ujung jari dan juga dilakukan wawancara pada masyarakat. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan Chi Square. Teknik pemeriksaan sampel menggunakan capture sandwich immunoassay magnetic micropartikel untuk pemeriksaan antibody taeniasis (rES33) pada sampel serum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan prevalensi taeniasis di Papua 4,6 % dengan variabel yang berkaitan terhadap kejadian taeniasis antara lain: kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki (p = 0,035), mencuci sayuran menggunakan air sungai (p = 0,001) dan sakit kepala (p = 0,0001).
The research aims to determine the prevalence of malaria and Anopheles spp using bio-ecology surveillance in Alusi and Waturu community health centers in Maluku Tenggara Barat Regency. The study was conducted in March-April 2015 with cross sectional design. In this research, we performed mass blood survey on 489 participants in the Kilmasa village and 434 participants in Waturu village. We also performed entomology surveillances, i.e. larval density, catching Anopheles spp, temperature, humidity, and salinity. To confirm malaria vectors, we used enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. The data analyzed descriptively. The results of the study showed proportion 0.20% malaria morbidity in Kilmasa village and 0.23% in Waturu village. Anopheles flavirostris and An. barbirostris group were likely to bite a human outside and inside the house and peaked at 11.00 pm-12.00 pm. The parous rate of An. flavirostris and An. barbirostris was 46% and 26%, respectively. Human blood index of An.flavirostris and An. barbirostris was 33.3% and by 70%, respectively. Anopheles flavirostri and An. barbirostris were malaria vectors with sporozoite rate 0.38% and 12.5%, respectively.
Infectious vectors are generally sensitive to environmental change, including climatic factor. Climate may affect the ability of vector in transmitting the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of climatic factors on density of Anopheles farauti Laveran in coastal and marsh ecosystems. The mosquito was collected by using human landing collection method. The climatic data recorded during the research were air suhue, wind velocity and humidity, while the rainfall rate data was obtained from the Provincial office of Meteorology and Geophysics Agency Suhue of Papua Province. The result showed that Anopheles farauti was constantly found during the study period as air suhue, humidity, rainfall and wind velocity fluctuated. This result suggest that during the data collection climatic factors did not significantly affect the presence and density of Anopheles farauti. Key words: climatic factor; mosquito density; coastal; swamp; Anopheles farauti.
Identification of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain found in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Jayapura using Spolygotyping was carried out Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are taken as an index case. Sputum samples were taken to be diagnosed with Acid Fast Staining and to culture M. tuberculosis bacteria using Lowensten Jansen solid media, Ogawa solid media and Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube liquid media. The patient's home visit was conducted to determine the environmental conditions of the patient's residence, interview the close contacts and test the bacterial infection M. tuberculosis in close contact cases using the Mantoux test. A thorax radiology of close contacts was carried out in the hospital's radiology unit. The results of spolygotyping showed 8%sputum samples M. tuberculosis of Beijing strain, while the rest are M. tuberculosis non Beijing strains. Among the 46 of Non-Beijing strains, the type U (likely S) is most transmitted by tuberculosis patients to their close contacts, which is as much as 6%. This study confirms the factors that influence tuberculosis transmission are the sleeping location of close contacts with the patients, the frequency of meetings that occur at least once or more in a day, density of house occupants and the presence of clinical symptoms of TB. Drugs Resistance Susceptibility test results showed that 12 patients were resistance to TB drugs and one of them was MDR TB from strain LAMP. Key words : tuberculosis transmission, Spolygotyping, tuberculosis, Jayapura, drugs resistance Abstrak Identifikasi galur Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang ditemukan pada penderita tuberculosis paru di Jayapura telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan Spoligotyping Penderita tuberkulosis paru diambil sebagai kasus indeks. Sampel sputum juga diambil untuk didiagnosis dengan pengecatan Basil Tahan Asam dan kultur bakteri M.tuberculosis yang dilakukan pada media padat Lowensten Jansen, media padat Ogawa serta media cair Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube. Ekstraksi DNA dilakukan pada koloni Mycobacterium tuberculosis untuk dilakukan analisis spoligotyping. Kunjungan rumah pasien dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan tempat tinggal pasien, mewawancara kontak kasus dan melakukan skrining infeksi bakteri M.tuberkulosis pada kasus kontak menggunakan tes Mantoux. Foto dada pada kontak kasus selanjutnya dilakukan di unit radiologi rumah sakit. Hasil spoligotyping menunjukkan 8% (4/50) sampel sputum penderita tuberkulosis adalah M.tuberculosis galur Beijing, sedangkan sisanya adalah M.tuberculosis galur Non Beijing. Dari 46 galur Non-Beijing, tipe U (likely S) paling banyak ditransmisikan oleh penderita tuberculosis pada kontaknya yaitu sebanyak 6% (3/50). Penelitian ini mengkonfirmasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi transmisi tuberkulosis meliputi lokasi tidur kontak kasus yang serumah dengan penderita, frekuensi pertemuan yang terjadi sedikitnya sekali atau lebih dalam sehari, kondisi rumah padat penghuni dan adanya gejala klinis TB. Hasil uji resistensi menunjukkan 12 pasien mengalami resistensi terhadap OAT dan 1 diantaranya adalah MDR TB dari strain LAMP. Kata kunci : Transmisi, Splygotyping, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberkulosis, Jayapura, resistensi
Indonesia is one country that is still at risk of malaria. The high intensity distribution of malaria in Indonesia is found in forested areas, especially in Eastern Indonesia. Malaria cases are mainly reported from outside Java, namely in Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan and Sumatra. This study was conducted to obtain and survey bionomic Anopheles sp in Saumlaki, West Southeast Maluku Regency (MTB). The crosssectional study was conducted at the
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