In recent decades, technological advances have been revolutionizing all areas of society, including the teaching resources and methodologies used in the world of education. Teachers are in the process of adapting to develop the digital skills they need for the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), a process that must be permanent and in which there are still knowledge gaps undermining its application. This study aims to determine whether this lack of digital skills is influenced by the gender of teachers, for example, whether there is a gender gap in ICT application in teaching, specifically Dual Vocational Education and Training, which is a teaching area that has been growing exponentially in recent years. A descriptive quantitative method has been used for this study with a sample of 1568 teachers of Dual Vocational Education and Training from the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, with data collected through a questionnaire. The results show that while the level of knowledge of ICT resources is medium among this group and is therefore improvable, there are no significant gender differences between teachers with respect to the application of e-skills by teaching professionals, despite the existence in other contexts of a large digital gender gap in new technology professionals.
ResumenPresentamos un estudio sobre redes sociales en la universidad y las posibilidades de mejora que ofrecen en la formación inicial de los futuros maestros. Se ha integrado una red social en el programa de estudio de Grado de Magisterio de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y se ha registrado el uso que hacen de ella los estudiantes y el impacto que estas tecnologías tienen en su actividad académica y su socialización. El formato elegido es el de red vertical o red propia, que ofrece posibilidades de gestión y seguridad adaptables a los requerimientos de los docentes. Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de caso en una red social vertical propia con tres grupos de estudiantes de Grado de Magisterio (futuros docentes) siguiendo un proceso de recogida sistemática de datos. Como comprobaremos, su uso está muy extendido como elemento de comunicación social y ofrece mejoras en su aplicación académica desde el punto de vista de la interacción educativa y la motivación formativa. Pero la integración que tiene en su formación actual es pequeña en relación a las posibilidades y aplicaciones que tiene en otros campos. Palabas clave: tecnología educativa, redes sociales, formación inicial del profesorado, enseñanza superior, estrategias de aprendizaje. AbstractA study of social networks in university is presented in this paper in which the potential for improvement in the future teacher initial training was studied. Integrated social networking was integrated in the Bachelor of Education of the Universidad Autonoma Madrid as well as a recording of the students using it. The impact that the use of these technologies has on their academic activities and socialization was studied. We have chosen vertical network format or home network, which offers management and security capabilities and is adaptable to teachers requirements. We conducted a case study in its own vertical social network with three groups of students from Teachers Training (future teachers) following a process of systematic data collection.
La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los factores que intervienen en la educación a distancia en tiempo de pandemia en Paraguay. La metodología empleada es cuantitativa y emplea un estudio de corte instrumental con diseño transversal-descriptivo. Para la recolección de información se aplicó un cuestionario ad hoc, distribuido por medio de Google Form, en el que participaron 1947 personas, todos del ámbito educativo de Paraguay desde Educación Inicial hasta Educación Superior. Como resultados de la investigación se obtuvieron que para llevar a cabo la enseñanza a distancia el mayor recurso con el que disponen los docentes son los teléfonos móviles con acceso a Internet y casi el 50% tienen una frecuencia de uso diaria. Sobre la formación en TIC se evidencian que quienes han recibido mayor formación son los de Educación Superior, la formación recibida en Educación Media y Educación Escolar Básica es insuficiente y quienes menos han recibido formación son los de Educación Infantil. Asimismo, se comprueba que la formación en TIC permite desarrollar las competencias digitales de los docentes. Para la atención de los estudiantes durante este período de la pandemia los medios más utilizados son la plataforma educativa del MEC y la Mensajería Instantánea (WhatsApp).
Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound, derived from Curcuma longa, and it has several pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor. Although it is a pleiotropic molecule, curcumin’s free form, which is lipophilic, has low bioavailability and is rapidly metabolized, limiting its clinical use. With the advances in techniques for loading curcumin into nanostructures, it is possible to improve its bioavailability and extend its applications. In this review, we gather evidence about the comparison of the pharmacokinetics (biodistribution and bioavailability) between free curcumin (Cur) and nanostructured curcumin (Cur-NPs) and their respective relationships with antitumor efficacy. The search was performed in the following databases: Cochrane, LILACS, Embase, MEDLINE/Pubmed, Clinical Trials, BSV regional portal, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science. The selected studies were based on studies that used High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) as the pharmacokinetics evaluation method. Of the 345 studies initially pooled, 11 met the inclusion criteria and all included studies classified as high quality. In this search, a variety of nanoparticles used to deliver curcumin (polymeric, copolymeric, nanocrystals, nanovesicles, and nanosuspension) were found. Most Cur-NPs presented negative Zeta potential ranging from −25 mV to 12.7 mV, polydispersion index (PDI) ranging from 0.06 to 0.283, and hydrodynamic diameter ranging from 30.47 to 550.1 nm. Selected studies adopted mainly oral and intravenous administrations. In the pharmacokinetics analysis, samples of plasma, liver, tumor, lung, brain, kidney, and spleen were evaluated. The administration of curcumin, in nanoparticle systems, resulted in a higher level of curcumin in tumors compared to free curcumin, leading to an improved antitumor effect. Thus, the use of nanoparticles can be a promising alternative for curcumin delivery since this improves its bioavailability.
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