Visible light guiding optical fibers with underwater operational capability are highly desired for subaquatic communication and sensing technologies. Herein, we present mechanically flexible, blue-violet fluorescent (4,4'-bis(2,6-di(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-4yl)biphenyl) (BPP) crystal waveguides with high-aspect ratio. These milli-meter-long BPP crystals guide light actively and passively in ambient and underwater conditions demonstrating their amphibian-like character. Due to the crystal's high flexibility, the optical fiber's output light direction in submerged and ambient states can be altered mechanically for high-precision lighting and sensing applications. The development of such multi-environment-compatible and mechanically flexible organic optical fibers acting as sensing materials possess enormous potential for short-range underwater photonic technologies.Air and water are unarguably the abundant essential resources sustaining life on earth. The development of amphibian-like optical microdevices that can operate efficiently in air and underwater is crucial for advanced photonic technologies such as understanding cellular processes, short-range information communication and sensing. [1,2] However, the development of such air/watercompatible optical devices is non-trivial. Most optical fibers perform poorly upon submerging under water due to moisture sensitivity and optical loss. Recently, visible light communication (VLC) has emerged as an efficient underwater communication (UWC) technology, as they are economical, has low visible light absorption, broad spectral bandwidth and low transmission loss. [3][4][5] Importantly, as water is transparent to the blue-green region of visible light, such materials are vastly desired for UWC. [6] Therefore, the demand for optical materials possessing efficient short-range visible light transport in air and underwater is rising.
Visible light guiding optical fibers with underwater operational capability are highly desired for subaquatic communication and sensing technologies. Herein, we present mechanically flexible, blue‐violet fluorescent (4,4′‐bis(2,6‐di(1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)pyridin‐4‐yl)biphenyl) (BPP) crystal waveguides with high‐aspect ratio. These milli‐meter‐long BPP crystals guide light actively and passively in ambient and underwater conditions demonstrating their amphibian‐like character. Due to the crystal's high flexibility, the optical fiber's output light direction in submerged and ambient states can be altered mechanically for high‐precision lighting and sensing applications. The development of such multi‐environment‐compatible and mechanically flexible organic optical fibers acting as sensing materials possess enormous potential for short‐range underwater photonic technologies.
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