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Ankle sprain is a common sports injury and is often regarded as trivial by athletes and coaches. This epidemiological study was conducted among three categories of Hong Kong Chinese athletes: national teams, competitive athletes and recreational athletes. This study shows that as much as 73% of all athletes had recurrent ankle sprain and 59% of these athletes had significant disability and residual symptoms which led to impairment of their athletic performance. This study indicates that a proper approach towards injury prevention and a comprehensive rehabilitation programme are required. Keywords: Ankle sprain, residual disability, prevention, rehabilitation Ankle sprain occurs frequently in the sports population. It is caused by the stretching of fibres or of the collagen of the ankle ligaments, whereby the fibres are partially or completely disrupted'-. Since most sports activities involve running, jumping and turning, high stresses are often put on the joints of the lower limbs, including the ankle. Hansen et al4 reported that 67.3% of their football players had sprained their ankles during sports. Smith and ReischF5, reported that 70% of their basketball players had a history of ankle sprain and 80% of them had multiple sprains. Chronic ankle problems such as chronic pain, muscular weaknesses and ease of giving way were not uncommon for those athletes [3][4][5][6][7] with a history of ankle sprain Various studies on sports injuries have revealed the high occurrence and high recurrence rate of ankle sprain7-10; however, studies on the consequences of ankle injuries and their effects on the level of athletic performance are rare. This study aims to identify the prevalence of recurrent ankle sprain and its related residual symptoms among Hong Kong sportsmen. MethodQuestionnaires were sent to athletes having a history of ankle sprain. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: (1) demographic data such as age, sex, and the dominant leg; (2) sports related data; (3) ankle sprain and its related effects. Only athletes involved in sports activities on a regular basis were chosen for study. They might be competitive athletes, athletes training regularly, or recreational athletes. All must have sprained their ankle(s) at least once, with detectable swelling and pain around the injured ankle(s). Since this study focused on chronic residual ankle problems, athletes with acute ankle sprain within a 3-month period were excluded from this survey. The questionnaires were distributed to athletes on site -in the sportsfield or on court -and were collected immediately after being filled in, with the result that the return rate was 100%. In total, 400 questionnaires were distributed and collected of which 20 were incomplete, leaving 380 completed questionnaires for data analysis. The X test was used to test the statistical significance among groups of different attributes. ResultsAthletes' demographic data Data from 380 athletes were available for analysis. Of these 380 athletes, 271 were males and 109 were females. Their mea...
Attention to clinical practice and environments can improve the workflow of prompt vital signs documentation and increase clinical productivity and timeliness of information for clinical decisions, as well as minimising transcription errors leading to safer patient care.
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