Gender parity and authorship diversity are declared goals in the publishing world. This study assessed the progress of authorship gender distribution over a quarter of a century and geographic diversity over the last 15 years in high-impact psychiatric journals. All articles published in 2019 in the American Journal of Psychiatry, the British Journal of Psychiatry, and JAMA Psychiatry were included and compared with data from three points in time starting in 1994. Descriptive statistics were gathered, and chi-square tests were performed. All tests were conducted as two-tailed, and p-values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Inter-rater reliability was calculated via Cohen’s kappa. In 2019 a total of 473 articles were published. Forty percent of all authors, 42.3% of first authors, and 29.4% of senior authors were female. Counting original research articles only, female first authorship reached 50.4%. In the 25-year period between 1994 and 2019, female first (p < .001), female senior (p < .001), and female overall (p < .001) authorship has increased. In the specific period between 2014 and 2019, overall female senior authorship in all articles (p = .940) as well as first (p = .101) and senior (p = .157) in original research plateaued. In non-original research articles, female first authorship was higher in 2019 compared to 2014 (p = .014), whilst female senior authorship plateaued (p = .154). Geographic diversity was low and did not change over time. Gender parity in the subcategory original research articles was reached for the first time in 2019. Senior female authorship and geographic diversity remain areas of concern that need further investigation and specific interventions.
The regular analysis of publication trends, including gender aspects, is an important contribution to the identification of gender-specific differences in academic psychiatry. The present study aimed to characterise publication topics in three high-impact psychiatric journals across three time points within 15 years (2004, 2014 and 2019). Publication patterns of female authors compared to their male colleagues were examined. All articles published in 2019 in the three high-impact psychiatry journals JAMA Psychiatry, British Journal of Psychiatry and American Journal of Psychiatry were included and compared with data from the 2004 and 2014 assessments. Descriptive statistics were calculated and Chi-square tests were performed. In 2019, a total of 473 articles were published, 49.5% were original research articles, of which 50.4% were published by female first authors. The results of this study showed a stable trend in the publication of research on mood disorders as well as schizophrenia and psychotic disorders in high-ranking psychiatric journals. Although the percentage of female first authors in the three most common target populations under study (mood disorders, schizophrenia and general mental health) increased from 2004 to 2019, gender equality has not yet been achieved in these fields. However, in the two most frequent subject matters, basic biological research and psychosocial epidemiology, the percentage of female first authors was more than 50%. Consistent monitoring of publication trends and gender distribution by researchers and journals in psychiatric research should be continued to identify and counteract the possibility of the underrepresentation of women in certain fields.
ZusammenfassungSpezialisierte Früherkennungs- und Frühinterventionszentren stellen neben Bestrebungen, psychotische Erstmanifestation zu verhindern oder zu verzögern, auch den Erhalt des psychosozialen Funktionsniveaus der Patient:innen in den Vordergrund der klinischen Behandlung. Zur Erfassung eines symptomatischen erhöhten Psychoserisikos existieren operationalisierte Kriterien und standardisierte Instrumente. Indizierte Präventionsmaßnahmen bei Personen mit deutlich erhöhtem Psychoserisiko beinhalten pharmakologische und insbesondere nicht-pharmakologische, psychologisch-psychotherapeutische Maßnahmen. Im Rahmen von psychotischen Erstmanifestationen kommt der organischen und psychiatrischen Differentialdiagnostik sowie störungs- und altersspezifischen Therapien im Rahmen spezialisierter Früherkennungsprogramme eine große Bedeutung zu. In diesem Artikel soll anhand eines Fallbeispiels ein Einblick in die ambulante und stationäre Tätigkeit eines Früherkennungs- und Frühinterventionsbereiches gegeben werden.
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