Background-Dystrophin-deficient cardiomyopathy is a growing clinical problem without targeted treatments. We investigated whether nicorandil promotes cardioprotection in human dystrophin-deficient induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes and the muscular dystrophy mdx mouse heart.
The daytime and nightime levels of pineal N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity, hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) activity, and melatonin were measured in adult male and female valley pocket gophers, Thomomys bottae. This species was chosen for study because it is a subterranean rodent that inhabits burrows whose openings to the surface are closed. Therefore, under field conditions it is estimated that the pocket gopher spends roughly 99% of its time in absolute darkness in underground burrows. When wild captured pocket gophers were maintained under a light:dark cycle (light intensity during the day of roughly 140 microW/cm2), nightime levels of pineal NAt activity and melatonin content were higher than values measured during the day; on the other hand, HIOMT activity in the pineal gland was similar in the day and at night. When pocket gophers were exposed to an extended light period (220 microW/cm2) 4 hr into the night, the rise in melatonin synthesis normally associated with darkness onset was not inhibited. Also, when gophers were acutely exposed to a light intensity of 400 microW/cm2 for 1 hr beginning 4 hr after darkness onset, neither high nocturnal levels of pineal NAT nor pineal melatonin contents were reduced. Finally, when pocket gophers were exposed to a 600 microW/cm2 light intensity at either 4 hr or 8 hr into the dark period, pineal melatonin synthesis remained elevated at a level comparable to that measured in dark-exposed controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mentalization Based Treatment of an Adolescent Girl with Conduct Disorder This paper will give a short overview on the theoretical concept of mentalization and its specific characteristics in adolescence. A previous study on Mentalization based treatment for adolescents (MBT-A) demonstrated the effectiveness of MBT-A for the treatment of adolescents with symptoms of deliberate self-harm (Rossouw u. Fonagy, 2012). Based on the results of this study Taubner, Gablonski, Sevecke, and Volkert (in preparation) developed a manual for mentalization based treatment for adolescents with conduct disorders (MBT-CD). This manual represents the foundation for a future study on the efficacy of the MBT-A for this specific disorder in young people. The present case report demonstrates the application of specific MBT interventions, as well as the therapeutic course over one year in a 16-year old girl who fulfilled all criteria of a conduct disorder. During the course of treatment, the de-escalating relationship-oriented therapeutic approach can be considered as a great strength of MBT-A, especially for patients with conduct disorders. The clinical picture, as well as the psychological assessment, showed a positive progress over the course of treatment. Despite frequent escalations, forced placements due to acute endangerment of self and others, and a precarious situation with the patient's place of residence towards the end of therapy, MBT-A treatment enabled the patient to continually use the evolved mentalizing capabilities as a resource.
Zusammenfassung Fragestellung Cannabis ist die, von österreichischen Jugendlichen am häufigsten konsumierte, illegalisierte Droge. Aufgrund der, in den letzten Jahren erfolgten schrittweise Entkriminalisierung bis hin zur Legalisierung in vielen europäischen Ländern möchte die ÖGKJP auf ausgewogene und wissenschaftlich basierte Art und Weise Stellung zur komplexen Thematik des Cannabisge- und Missbrauchs bei Jugendlichen beziehen. Methodik Die Medline mit jeweils dem spezifischen Unterthema angepassten Suchen auf aktuelle Studien durchsucht. Weiters wurden aus anerkannten Kompendien zitiert. Ergebnisse Während gelegentlicher Freizeitkonsum von Cannabis bei Erwachsenen mit abgeschlossener Hirnreifung und ohne Risikoprofil für psychische Störungen relativ harmlos sein dürfte, können frühzeitigem Konsumbeginn mit regelmäßigem Konsum sowie die zunehmend verfügbaren, hochpotenten Cannabis-Sorten zu expliziten und zum Teil irreversiblen neurokognitiven Hirnfunktionsstörungen führen. Schlussfolgerung Eine gesetzliche Freigabe des Cannabis-Konsums für Jugendliche aufgrund der Risken der zu erwartenden Schäden im Bereich der Gehirnentwicklung abzulehnen. Zugleich gilt es aber, vernünftige gesetzliche Regelungen zu etablieren, die der Tatsache, dass über 30 % aller europäischen Jugendlichen gelegentlich Cannabis konsumieren, adäquat begegnen kann. Wir sprechen uns hier auch klar dafür aus, Cannabiskonsumenten nicht zu kriminalisieren und gefährdeten und suchtkranken Cannabiskonsumenten die benötigte Unterstützung zukommen zu lassen.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.