Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world, including Ethiopia. Over seven million people die annually due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) secondary to CAD. Despite this fact, studies are scant in Ethiopia. Objective: To determine recovery rate and predictors of time to recovery among ACS patients in St. Peter's Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from October 2017 to October 2019. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among ACS patients. Patient charts were reviewed using a structured checklist. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to estimate the survival time. Log-log plots were used to check proportional hazard assumption among categorical predictors. Bivariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of time to recovery. In bivariable analysis, variables with P ≤0.25 were fitted for multivariable Cox regression. Factors with P <0.05 in the multivariable Cox regression were independent predictors of time to recovery. Results: A total of 471 patient charts with a diagnosis of ACS were reviewed. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.98 ±1.30 days with a total follow-up time of 1397 person-days. The recovery rate was 61.8%. The incidence density rate of recovery was found to be 20.5 per 100 person-days. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (AHR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.57, 2.74) and absence of major bleeding (AHR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.87) were predictors of time to recovery. Conclusion:In the current study, a considerable number of patients recovered within the first few days of admission. Absence of major bleeding and PCI were found to enhance early recovery of patients. Hence, early implementation of PCI and treatment of major bleeding may be vital to augment early recovery of patients with ACS. This can be achieved through involving case managers who can enhance the quality of treatment.

Background Promoting exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is a major child survival strategy in developing countries like Ethiopia. Studies in EBF are found in a fragmented and inconclusive way in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine evidences on the effect of post natal care counseling and maternal employment status on exclusive breastfeeding practice of women in Ethiopia. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted from PubMed (contains MEDLINE), CINAHL (EBSCO), Global Health, Food Science and Technology Abstracts (FSTA) (EBSCO) and Grey literature sources such as Google and Google scholar. All primary studies on the effects of employment status and/or post-natal care utilization on EBF practices of women in Ethiopia were included. Data analyses were performed using STATA software. Forest plot, I2 test and the Cochrane Q statistics were used to detect heterogeneity among studies. Heterogeneity was considered significant when the I2 value was ≥ 50%, with p-value < 0.05. Publication bias was checked by looking the asymmetry of funnel and confirmed by Egger’s regression test at a 5% significant level. The pooled odds ratio (POR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to report the measures of associations. Result A total of 622 studies were identified in the initial search of which 42 articles were included this systematic review and meta-analysis. A meta-analysis of 24 studies indicated that maternal employment status was significantly associated (POR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.16, 0.86) EBF practice in that employed mother were less likely to practice to practice EBF. Post-natal care service utilization significantly increases (POR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.32, 2.34) the EBF practice in Ethiopia and it was computed using 25 eligible articles. Besides, the pooled estimates of EBF practice was found to be 62.58% (95% CI 56.98, 68.19, I2 = 96.4%, p < 0.001). Conclusion This review found that post-natal care service utilization and maternal employment status has a significant effect on EBF practice. The findings from this review may be used to inform for better supportive and promotive strategies for EBF practice in Ethiopia.

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and ongoing patient self-management, education and support to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Therefore, this study aims to assess the self-care knowledge, attitude and associated factors among outpatients with diabetes mellitus in Arsi Zone, Southeast Ethiopia. Materials and methods A cross sectional study was employed in Arsi Zone, Southeast Ethiopia from April to June 2017 among 290 patients with diabetes mellitus. Structured questionnaire was employed through face to face interview. Bivariate and multivariate regression was done and a statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05. Results Among 290 respondents, 64.8% and 27.6% of them had good knowledge and good attitude towards self-care in this study respectively. Being married (AOR: 3.41, 95% CI: 1.480–8.095), being employed in occupation (AOR: 5.8, 95% CI: 2.26–14.67) and living in higher socioeconomic status (AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.096–3.322) are the independent factors associated to good knowledge of respondents towards self-care whereas living in lower socioeconomic status(AOR: 0.478, 95% CI: 0.262–0.874), having informal education (AOR: 4.002, 95% CI: 1.941–8.254), not having family history of diabetes mellitus (AOR: 0.422, 95% CI: 0.222–0.803) and having short duration of diagnosis (AOR: 3.209, 95% CI: 1.537–6.779) were significantly associated factors to have poor attitude towards self-care. Conclusion Majority of the study participants had good knowledge towards diabetes self-care practice while a significant number of the participants had unfavorable attitude towards diabetes self-care. Being married, being employed and living in higher socioeconomic status were the determinant factors of knowledge towards the diabetes self-care practice while having informal education and having short duration of diagnosis were the significant factors associated to the unfavorable attitude towards diabetes self-care practice. Therefore, efforts should be made on enhancing patients’ socioeconomic status and equipping with diabetic self-care centered health information particularly for those patients with short duration of diagnosis.

The reasearch were not financed by any funding institution. Abstract Introduction: Timely initiation of breastfeeding is defined as putting the newborn to the breast within one hour of birth. Timely initiation of breastfeeding has a major contribution to the survival of newborns. In developing countries, early initiation of breastfeeding could save as many as 1.45 million lives each year. However, there is paucity of data about it. This study aimed at assessing timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers of infants attending pediatric department at yekatit12 hospital medical college. Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to July, 2019. A total of 228 mother-infant pairs were included in this study. The data were collected using face to face interview. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding. The results were presented using descriptive and analytic analyses. P-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant.