Eradication of Mosquito Nests (PSN) in community environment is the prior focus of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) prevention and control, implemented through the practice of eliminating breeding sites and avoiding mosquito bites. The aimed of the study was to determine the most influence of PSN practice against the incidents of DHF. The case control study arranged at Puskesmas Kecamatan Ciracas Jakarta Timur work area, then interviewed sample from case and control group, as many as 47 people from each group. Samples of case group were DHF patients who registered at medical record of Puskesmas Ciracas in January-April 2020. While samples from control group were the closest neighborhood of every case sample with similiar characteristic by age group, sex, and house environment. Nevertheless, research respondent which will be interviewed to collect data had to more than 15 years old to prevent information bias. Positive correlation against DHF incidents proved by bivariat analysis of draining water container, using container lid, unused stuff management, using repellent, and keeping larvivorous fish. Among of those factors, logistic regression test showed regularly drained water container once a week had the most effect to DHF incident. At th[1] Kemenkes RI. Pedoman Demam Berdarah Dengue Indonesia. In Jakarta; 2017.[2] Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan KKR. Buku Saku Pengendalian Demam Berdarah Dengue Untuk Pengelola Program DBD Puskesmas. 2013.[3] WHO. Dengue: Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control. Geneva, editor. World Health Organization; 2010.[4] Dinas Kesehatan DKI Jakarta. Surveilans DKI Jakarta. 2020.[5] Novrita B, Mutahar R, Purnamasari I. Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Celikah Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir. J Ilmu Kesehat Masy [Internet]. 2017;8(1):19–27. 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Uji Kemampuan Ikan Manfish (Pterophyllum altum), Ikan Cupang (Betta splendens), dan Ikan Cere (Gambusia affinis) Sebagai Predator Larva Aedes aegypti dalam Upaya Penanggulangan DBD. Pros Pendidik Dr Unisba. 2016;2(2).[16] Ishak H, Aisyah AS, Mallongi A, Astuti RDP. Risk factors and Fogging Effectiveness of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Incidence in the Pontap Public Health Center area in Palopo City, Indonesia_. Enferm Clin [Internet]. 2020;30:294–7. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342113828_Risk_factors_and_fogging_effectiveness_of_dengue_hemorrhagic_fever_incidence_in_the_Pontap_Public_Health_Center_area_in_Palopo_City_Indonesia[17] Bowman LR, Donegan S, McCall PJ. Is Dengue Vector Control Deficient in Effectiveness or Evidence?: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis [Internet]. 2016;10(3). Available from: https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0004551[18] Farich A, Perdana AA. Efektifitas Penanaman Tanaman Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus) Terhadap Indikator Maya Index DBD di Kabupaten Pringsewu, Lampung. J Dunia Kesmas [Internet]. 2019;8(4). Available from: http://ejurnalmalahayati.ac.id/index.php/duniakesmas/article/view/190-198/pdf[19] Erlia D, Darusman F, Darma GCE. Pembuatan Briket Penghalau Nyamuk (Repellent) dari Daun Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) dan Evaluasinya. Farmasi [Internet]. 2016;2(2). Available from: http://karyailmiah.unisba.ac.id/index.php/farmasi/article/view/4706[20] Misni N, Nor ZM, Ahmad R. New Candidates For Plant Based Repellents Against Aedes Aegypti. J Am Mosq Control Assoc [Internet]. 2016;32(2):117–123. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303887327_New_Candidates_for_Plant-Based_Repellents_Against_Aedes_aegypti[21] Priesley F, Reza M, Rusjdi SR. 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PLoS One. 2015;[27] Elsinga J, Schmidt M, Lizarazo EF, Vincenti-Gonzalez MF, Velasco-Salas ZI, Arias L, et al. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Preventive Practices Regarding Dengue in Maracay, Venezuela. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018;99(1):195–203.[28] Rakhmani AN, Limpanont Y, Kaewkungwal J, Okanurak K. Factors Associated with Dengue Prevention Behaviour in Lowokwaru, Malang, Indonesia: a Cross-sectional Study. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2018;18. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5948848/pdf/12889_2018_Article_5553.pdf e same time, used of container lid had no significance value, so that was being expelled from model of multivariate analysis. Based on this result, it can be predicted that respondent who not drained water container, not used repellent, not kept larva-eating fish, and not manage unused stuff will suffer DHF.Keywords : drained container, repellent, larvivorous fish, manage unused stuff, DHF
Using masks has become popular as an effort to prevent COVID-19. This increased the public consumption of masks. But in practice, this effort might cause other problems. The survey arranged to observe the potential contamination form from using masks. Specifically, it is a procedure when using and removing an inappropriate mask This descriptive study is a cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire filled in by 152 respondents aged ≥15-years-old who lived in the Jabodetabek area through a link shared online on various social media. Workingat the healthcare facility was the exclusion criteria for the participants. Fabric masks were the most commonly used. The majority replaced mask with the new or clean one once a day. Touched outer side of masks was the habit of most participants with lack of hand-hygiene practice. Potential self-contamination from inhaling pathogens, direct or indirect, released by the infected person when coughing, sneezing, even when talking, sourced themselves or others. Environmental contamination could occur due to lack of hand hygiene practice before wear masks, and after-touch while in use and after-remove it. Hence, educate the community for proper procedure use of masks and hand hygiene practice is necessary to prevent contamination and spread of diseases.
Introduction: Online motorcycle taxi drivers spend most of their time outside as either driving or waiting for their customers. Therefore, chances of exposure to various air pollutants are higher and may cause various health problems, especially the respiratory problems. Methods: This is a descriptive study that used the Environmental Health Risk Analysis method to estimate the Risk Quotient (RQ) from exposure to PM10, SO2, CO, O3, and NO2 in drivers. The RQ was calculated based on exposure concentrations from the Special Capital Region of Jakarta Environment Agency; daily working hours, working days in a year, and working period obtained from interviews; additionally, body weight measurement, reference concentration (RfC), and the default value of inhalation intake were also collected. The population of this study was adult online motorcycle taxi drivers who operate around areas which become the air quality measurement stations in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta with a total sample of 81 people. Results and Discussion: The RQ for all minimum, average, and maximum concentrations of SO2, CO, and NO2 were <1. While for the average and maximum concentrations of PM10 and the maximum concentration of O3, the RQ was >1. The safe concentrations, work duration, and the number of working days also surpassed the maximum safety limit levels. Conclusion: PM10 and O3 ambient exposures are categorized unsafe for drivers. Environmental health efforts are necessary to reduce the concentration of air pollutants, and the guidelines to reduce pollutants exposure should be provided for drivers.
COVID-19 has brought many changes of lifestyle to people around the world. The obligation to use masks as an effort to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 is such an example. This policy led to the increase of masks using in the general population. Some particular procedures of masks usage and used masks handling must be applied to prevent negative impacts. Many of these guidelines are not generally known. This study is carried out to determine the handling, cleaning, and disposal method of used masks at beginning of the pandemic. The research data were obtained from 152 random respondents who voluntarily filled out online questionnaires. Participants came from some areas in Jabodetabek that implemented Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) and were required to wear masks. Most of the respondents kept the used mask temporarily then reused it. Handling of the used masks, both surgical masks and cloth masks, was also showed poor sanitation for some participants. The waste generation from used surgical masks at the beginning of the pandemic was also quite alarming. Education on the handling method of used masks is important to be widely publicized to prevent potential hazards, such as the transmission of respiratory infections and environmental contamination risk.
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